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Costs, needs, and integration efforts shape helping behavior toward refugees.

Robert Böhm1, Maik M P Theelen2, Hannes Rusch3,4

  • 1School of Business and Economics, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany; robert.boehm@rwth-aachen.de.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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Host citizens’ willingness to help refugees hinges on personal cost and refugee neediness. Prosocial individuals are more willing to help, especially when refugees demonstrate integration efforts, highlighting economic and psychological factors.

Keywords:
economic gameshelping behaviorprosocialityrefugee acceptance

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Global political instability has increased refugee populations, creating societal challenges.
  • Host country citizens exhibit a divide in their willingness to assist refugees.
  • Understanding determinants of prosocial behavior toward refugees is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Identify factors influencing host citizens' willingness to help refugees.
  • Investigate economic and psychological determinants of prosocial behavior.
  • Develop an economic game to model refugee situations.

Main Methods:

  • Three controlled laboratory studies using a devised economic game.
  • Examined economic costs and psychological orientations.
  • Assessed the impact of refugee neediness and integration efforts.

Main Results:

  • Helping refugees decreases with individual cost to citizens.
  • Helping increases with refugee neediness (preventing loss > generating gain).
  • Prosocial citizens help more, especially with mandatory integration efforts.

Conclusions:

  • Economic factors significantly shape refugee helping behavior.
  • Psychological factors modulate responses to economic considerations.
  • The economic game is a valuable tool for policy pretesting.