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Related Concept Videos

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Integration by Parts: Indefinite Integrals01:26

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Integration by parts is a fundamental technique in calculus for evaluating integrals involving the product of two functions. It is particularly useful when direct integration is not feasible. The method is based on the product rule for differentiation, which states that the derivative of a product equals the derivative of the first function times the second, plus the first function times the derivative of the second. By integrating this identity and rearranging terms, the integration by parts...
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Definite integrals involving the product of two functions over a fixed interval can be evaluated using integration by parts. This method rewrites the integral as the difference of a product evaluated at the endpoints and a remaining definite integral that is often simpler to compute.A representative example is the definite integral of the inverse tangent function. Since there is no direct integration formula for arctan ⁡x, the integrand is rewritten as a product of arctan⁡ x and the...
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A variable, usually notated by capital letters such as X and Y, is a characteristic or measurement that can be determined for each member of a population. Data are the actual values of variables. They may be numbers, or they may be words. Datum is a single value.
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While the differential rate law relates the rate and concentrations of reactants, a second form of rate law called the integrated rate law relates concentrations of reactants and time. Integrated rate laws can be used to determine the amount of reactant or product present after a period of time or to estimate the time required for a reaction to proceed to a certain extent. For example, an integrated rate law helps determine the length of time a radioactive material must be stored for its...
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A Practical Guide to Phylogenetics for Nonexperts
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Bayesian phylogenetic and phylodynamic data integration using BEAST 1.10.

Marc A Suchard1,2,3, Philippe Lemey4, Guy Baele4

  • 1Department of Biomathematics, David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California, Los Angeles, 621 Charles E. Young Dr., South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095 USA.

Virus Evolution
|June 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bayesian Evolutionary Analysis by Sampling Trees (BEAST) is a key software for phylogenetic and phylodynamic inference. It integrates evolutionary models for genetic data analysis using Markov chain Monte Carlo.

Keywords:
Bayesian inferenceMarkov chain Monte Carlophylodynamicsphylogenetics

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Computational biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Bayesian phylogenetic inference is crucial for understanding evolutionary relationships.
  • Analyzing genetic sequence data requires sophisticated computational tools.
  • Existing methods may lack integration for complex evolutionary models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the Bayesian Evolutionary Analysis by Sampling Trees (BEAST) software package.
  • To highlight BEAST's capabilities in unifying diverse evolutionary analyses.
  • To showcase its user-friendly interface for complex phylogenetic and phylodynamic studies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) integration for statistical inference.
  • Combines molecular phylogenetic reconstruction with trait evolution models.
  • Employs a graphical user interface for flexible analysis construction.

Main Results:

  • BEAST serves as a primary tool for Bayesian phylogenetic and phylodynamic inference.
  • It efficiently integrates discrete and continuous trait evolution, divergence-time dating, and coalescent models.
  • The software facilitates the construction of complex evolutionary analyses.

Conclusions:

  • BEAST is an indispensable tool for researchers in evolutionary biology and phylogenetics.
  • Its integrated approach simplifies complex analyses of genetic sequence data.
  • The software's accessibility enhances its utility in diverse research applications.