Parenteral premedication with lorazepam--a dose/response study

Area of Science:

• Anesthesiology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Preoperative medication is crucial for patient comfort and procedural success.
• Lorazepam is a commonly used anxiolytic and sedative agent.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the dose-response relationship of parenteral lorazepam as a premedicant.
• To compare intramuscular versus intravenous administration routes.
• To assess sedative, amnesic, cardiovascular, and respiratory effects.

Main Methods:

• Comparative study of intramuscular and intravenous lorazepam administration.
• Doses studied: 2 mg, 3 mg, and 4 mg.
• Evaluation of sedation, amnesia, blood pressure, pulse rate, and respiratory function.

Main Results:

• Intravenous lorazepam demonstrated more pronounced sedative and amnesic effects compared to intramuscular.
• Sedation and amnesia were dose-dependent for both administration routes.
• Minimal impact on cardiovascular parameters and respiratory function was observed.
• Lorazepam 2 mg intravenously was as effective as higher doses, with reduced nausea and vomiting.

Conclusions:

• Intravenous lorazepam is a suitable premedicant, offering rapid sedation onset.
• The 2 mg intravenous dose is recommended for efficacy and tolerability.
• Close patient monitoring is essential with intravenous administration.