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Structural changes in brain regions involved in executive-control and self-referential processing after sleeve
1Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, Shaanxi, China.
Brain Imaging and Behavior
|June 28, 2018
Summary
Bariatric surgery significantly alters brain structure, particularly in regions controlling executive function and self-perception, alongside weight loss. These cortical changes in obese individuals highlight the brain
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Radiology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Obesity is linked to brain gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) abnormalities in areas governing food intake and cognitive-emotional regulation.
- Bariatric surgery (BS) is an effective obesity treatment, promoting GM/WM density and WM integrity recovery.
- The impact of BS on cortical morphometry concurrent with weight loss remains largely unexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate alterations in cortical morphometry following bariatric surgery (BS).
- To correlate these structural brain changes with weight loss and hormonal shifts.
Main Methods:
- Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging (sMRI) and surface-based morphometry were employed.
- 22 obese participants underwent testing before and one month after BS.
- 21 obese controls were tested twice (baseline and one-month) for comparison.
Main Results:
- Post-BS, significant reductions in fasting ghrelin, insulin, and leptin levels were observed.
- Cortical thickness decreased in the precuneus, associated with BMI reduction.
- Cortical thickness increased in the middle frontal gyrus (MFG), superior frontal gyrus (SFG), superior temporal gyrus (STG), insula, and ventral anterior cingulate cortex (vACC).
- Cortical volume increased in the left postcentral gyrus (PostCen) and vACC.
- SFG changes correlated with BMI reduction.
Conclusions:
- Bariatric surgery induces significant structural changes in cortical morphometry.
- These changes occur in brain regions vital for executive control and self-referential processing.
- BS-induced weight loss is associated with these neuroanatomical alterations.
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