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Software-Assisted Quantitative Measurement of Osteoarthritic Subchondral Bone Thickness
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Characterizing human subchondral bone properties using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy.

Isaac O Afara1,2, Cristina Florea3, Ismail A Olumegbon3

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. isaac.afara@uef.fi.

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|June 29, 2018
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Summary

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy can accurately assess subchondral bone properties, crucial for diagnosing joint conditions. This technique shows potential for use during arthroscopy to evaluate bone health.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Skeletal Biology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Degenerative joint diseases involve changes in articular cartilage and subchondral bone.
  • Subchondral bone integrity, including plate thickness and trabecular morphology, is vital for diagnosing joint pathologies.
  • Optical spectroscopy offers a potential non-invasive method for characterizing bone properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the capability of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for characterizing human subchondral bone properties.
  • To correlate spectral data with micro-computed tomography-derived morphometric parameters of subchondral bone.
  • To assess the potential of NIR spectroscopy for clinical applications like arthroscopy.

Main Methods:

  • Osteochondral samples (n=50) from human cadaver knees (n=13) were analyzed using NIR spectroscopy.
  • Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was employed to determine subchondral bone morphometric properties: plate thickness (Sb.Th), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), and structure model index (SMI).
  • Partial least squares (PLS) regression was used to analyze the relationship between spectral data and bone morphometric properties across three optical windows (650-950 nm, 1100-1350 nm, 1600-1870 nm).

Main Results:

  • Significant correlations (p < 0.0001) were found between NIR spectral data in the 1st optical window (650-950 nm) and subchondral bone properties.
  • High prediction accuracy was achieved for Sb.Th (R²=92.3%, error=7.1%), Tb.Th (R²=88.4%, error=6.7%), BV/TV (R²=83%, error=9.8%), and SMI (R²=79.7%, error=10.8%).
  • The 1st tissue optical window demonstrated the strongest correlations and lowest prediction errors.

Conclusions:

  • NIR spectroscopy, particularly in the 1st tissue optical window, is effective for characterizing and estimating human subchondral bone properties.
  • The findings suggest NIR spectroscopy can be a valuable tool for assessing subchondral bone integrity.
  • This technique holds promise for adaptation during arthroscopic procedures for real-time joint health evaluation.