Body dysmorphic disorder: a guide to identification and management for the orthodontic team

Area of Science:

• Psychiatry
• Dental Medicine
• Aesthetic Medicine

Background:

• Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a psychiatric condition characterized by obsessive focus on perceived physical defects.
• Rising interest in aesthetic procedures increases the likelihood of BDD patients seeking orthodontic or orthognathic treatments.
• Understanding BDD is crucial for clinicians in aesthetic and reconstructive fields.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the key features and prevalence of Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD).
• To provide guidance for clinicians on identifying individuals with BDD.
• To discuss effective management strategies for BDD patients undergoing orthodontic or orthognathic treatment.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of psychiatric and dental journals.
• Analysis of diagnostic criteria for Body Dysmorphic Disorder.
• Synthesis of clinical best practices for patient identification and management.

Main Results:

• BDD affects individuals with disproportionate concern regarding specific body parts.
• Prevalence data suggests a notable, yet often undiagnosed, presence in patient populations seeking aesthetic dental work.
• Early identification and tailored management are key to successful treatment outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Clinicians must be aware of BDD symptoms in patients seeking orthodontic or orthognathic surgery.
• Screening and appropriate psychological referral are essential for managing BDD patients.
• A multidisciplinary approach ensures patient well-being and treatment success.