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PREVALENCE, RISK FACTORS, AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DENTOALVEOLAR ANOMALIES IN THE SCHOOL-AGED POPULATION OF
1Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Georgia.
Georgian Medical News
|August 14, 2026
Summary
Dentoalveolar anomalies affect over half of Kutaisi schoolchildren, primarily impacting tooth position and arch proportions. Early intervention targeting hereditary and modifiable risk factors is crucial for prevention.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Dentistry
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Dentoalveolar anomalies pose a significant public health challenge due to high prevalence and multifactorial etiology.
- Variability in prevalence and risk factors necessitates localized epidemiological research.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate prevalence, nosological structure, and risk factors of dentoalveolar anomalies in Kutaisi schoolchildren.
- Identify region-specific characteristics and potential targets for prevention.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 697 schoolchildren (7-14 years) in Kutaisi.
- Clinical examinations and classification using ICD-10 criteria.
- Case-control study (154 cases, 85 controls) to assess risk factors using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Main Results:
- Prevalence of dentoalveolar anomalies was 56.1%.
- Most common: tooth position (52.4%), dental arch proportion (40.5%), and functional anomalies (17.5%).
- Significant risk factors included maternal history, prematurity, respiratory infections, allergic rhinitis, mouth breathing/adenoid hypertrophy, and early soft food introduction.
Conclusions:
- High prevalence of dentoalveolar anomalies in Kutaisi schoolchildren, particularly tooth position and arch anomalies.
- Confirms multifactorial etiology involving hereditary and modifiable risk factors.
- Emphasizes early identification and preventive strategies targeting modifiable factors.
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