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Related Concept Videos

Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

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Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
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Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

Non-gated Ion Channels

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Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism....
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Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

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Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
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Ligand-gated Ion Channels01:19

Ligand-gated Ion Channels

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Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that...
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G-Protein Gated Ion Channels01:21

G-Protein Gated Ion Channels

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GPCRs are primarily responsible for our sense of smell, taste, and vision.  The binding of a sensory stimulus activates GPCR to stimulate effector proteins, many of which are ion channels in the sensory organs. GPCRs modulate the opening and closing of the target ion channels either directly by binding them, or by releasing second messengers that activate these channels. As ions move across the membrane, the membrane potential is altered, which induces an appropriate response.
Sensory...
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Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism

4.1K
Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
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P50 Sensory Gating in Infants
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Voltage-gated Sodium Channels in Sensory Information Processing.

You Zhou1, Ping Pan1, Zhi-Yong Tan2

  • 1Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Neurotoxicology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.

CNS & Neurological Disorders Drug Targets
|June 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are vital for sensory perception and action potentials. Understanding VGSCs offers new therapeutic targets for sensory system diseases.

Keywords:
Voltage-gated sodium channelaction potentialinformation processingmembranepharmacologicalprotein complexes central nervous system.

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Optimized Transfection Strategy for Expression and Electrophysiological Recording of Recombinant Voltage-Gated Ion Channels in HEK-293T Cells
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Optimized Transfection Strategy for Expression and Electrophysiological Recording of Recombinant Voltage-Gated Ion Channels in HEK-293T Cells

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Reconstitution of a Transmembrane Protein, the Voltage-gated Ion Channel, KvAP, into Giant Unilamellar Vesicles for Microscopy and Patch Clamp Studies
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Optimized Transfection Strategy for Expression and Electrophysiological Recording of Recombinant Voltage-Gated Ion Channels in HEK-293T Cells
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Reconstitution of a Transmembrane Protein, the Voltage-gated Ion Channel, KvAP, into Giant Unilamellar Vesicles for Microscopy and Patch Clamp Studies
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Channelopathies
  • Sensory Biology

Background:

  • Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) and potassium channels are essential for neuronal action potential generation.
  • These channels play crucial roles in the five fundamental senses: vision, audition, olfaction, taste, and touch.
  • Disruptions in VGSC function are linked to sensory dysfunctions like hyperpselaphesia and parosphresia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding VGSCs' role in sensory information processing.
  • To explore the potential of VGSCs as therapeutic targets for sensory system disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on VGSCs and sensory processing.
  • Analysis of the link between VGSC dysfunction and sensory symptoms.
  • Discussion of pharmacological targeting strategies for VGSCs.

Main Results:

  • VGSCs are integral to processing sensory information across multiple modalities.
  • Evidence suggests a direct correlation between VGSC dysfunction and specific sensory deficits.
  • Recent research provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying these roles.

Conclusions:

  • VGSCs are key players in the nervous system's sensory functions.
  • Targeting VGSCs presents a promising avenue for treating diseases affecting the senses.
  • Further research into VGSC modulation could lead to novel therapeutic interventions for sensory disorders.