Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy01:18

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

10.6K
Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
In optical microscopy, the specimen to be viewed is placed on a glass slide and clipped on the stage...
10.6K
X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

4.9K
X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal...
4.9K
What is a Mode?01:07

What is a Mode?

26.4K
The mode is one of the commonly used measures of a central tendency. It is defined as the most frequent value in a data set.
There can be more than one mode in a data set if multiple values have the same highest frequency. For instance, suppose that the Statistics exam scores of 20 students are: 50; 53; 59; 59; 63; 63; 72; 72; 72; 72; 72; 76; 78; 81; 83; 84; 84; 84; 90; 93. Here, the mode is 72, as it occurs most frequently, five times.
A data set with two modes is called bimodal. For example,...
26.4K
Ventilatory Modes01:14

Ventilatory Modes

1.6K
Mechanical ventilators are life-saving devices that support or replace spontaneous breathing. They deliver breaths to patients through varying methods known as ventilator modes. Understanding these modes is critical for healthcare providers managing patients with respiratory failure.
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...
1.6K
What is Conservation Biology?01:57

What is Conservation Biology?

24.4K
Conservation biology is a scientific field that focuses on the preservation of biodiversity in order to protect ecosystems while meeting the needs of the human population. Humans require properly functioning ecosystems to maintain our supply of natural resources, including food, medicines, and building materials.
24.4K
Modes of Standing Waves - I01:03

Modes of Standing Waves - I

4.1K
A close look at earthquakes provides evidence for the conditions appropriate for resonance, standing waves, and constructive and destructive interference. A building may vibrate for several seconds with a driving frequency matching the building's natural frequency of vibration; this produces a resonance that results in one building collapsing while the neighboring buildings do not. Often, buildings of a certain height are devastated, while other taller buildings remain intact. This...
4.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Bio-conjugated ultrabright fluorescent nanoparticles for targeted cancer-cell imaging: independent size control and brightness.

Nanoscale·2026
Same author

Long-Term Cell-Membrane-Coated Ultrabright Nanospheres for Targeted Cancer Cell Imaging and Hydrophobic Drug Delivery.

Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Mechanical spectroscopy of materials using atomic force microscopy (AFM-MS).

Materials today (Kidlington, England)·2025
Same author

Na-Ag Ion-Exchanged Glass Substrates for Plasmon-Enhanced Fluorescence Imaging of Neutrophils.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Single ultrabright fluorescent silica nanoparticles can be used as individual fast real-time nanothermometers.

Materials horizons·2025
Same author

Detection of Human Bladder Epithelial Cancerous Cells with Atomic Force Microscopy and Machine Learning.

Cells·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

3D Imaging of Soft-Tissue Samples using an X-ray Specific Staining Method and Nanoscopic Computed Tomography
07:01

3D Imaging of Soft-Tissue Samples using an X-ray Specific Staining Method and Nanoscopic Computed Tomography

Published on: October 24, 2019

10.3K

Imaging of Soft and Biological Samples Using AFM Ringing Mode.

Igor Sokolov1,2,3, Maxim E Dokukin4

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA. Igor.sokolov@tufts.edu.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|June 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Ringing mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) offers faster, artifact-free imaging of biological samples and soft materials. This technique provides unique data on molecular size and sample height under varying forces in air or liquid.

Keywords:
AFM imagingBiophysics of cellsBiopolymersCell imagingPhysical properties of cellsRinging modeTissues

More Related Videos

Quantitative Hardness Measurement by Instrumented AFM-indentation
08:21

Quantitative Hardness Measurement by Instrumented AFM-indentation

Published on: November 22, 2016

10.2K
High Resolution 3D Imaging of Ex-Vivo Biological Samples by Micro CT
08:57

High Resolution 3D Imaging of Ex-Vivo Biological Samples by Micro CT

Published on: June 21, 2011

19.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

3D Imaging of Soft-Tissue Samples using an X-ray Specific Staining Method and Nanoscopic Computed Tomography
07:01

3D Imaging of Soft-Tissue Samples using an X-ray Specific Staining Method and Nanoscopic Computed Tomography

Published on: October 24, 2019

10.3K
Quantitative Hardness Measurement by Instrumented AFM-indentation
08:21

Quantitative Hardness Measurement by Instrumented AFM-indentation

Published on: November 22, 2016

10.2K
High Resolution 3D Imaging of Ex-Vivo Biological Samples by Micro CT
08:57

High Resolution 3D Imaging of Ex-Vivo Biological Samples by Micro CT

Published on: June 21, 2011

19.2K

Area of Science:

  • Surface science
  • Biophysics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is crucial for nanoscale imaging of biological and soft materials.
  • Existing AFM modes can be limited by speed, artifacts, and imaging channels.
  • There is a need for advanced AFM techniques to overcome these limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a detailed, step-by-step protocol for collecting images using the ringing mode of AFM.
  • To highlight the advantages of ringing mode for imaging biological and soft materials.
  • To address potential challenges and offer solutions for optimal data acquisition.

Main Methods:

  • Detailed protocol for setting up and operating AFM in ringing mode.
  • Application of the technique to diverse samples including biological specimens and soft materials.
  • Simultaneous recording of multiple imaging channels (up to eight in ringing mode).

Main Results:

  • Ringing mode enables imaging in both air and liquid environments.
  • Images obtained exhibit reduced common artifacts compared to other AFM modes.
  • Data acquisition rates can be up to 20 times faster than rival imaging modes.
  • Unique information, such as molecular size and height at different load forces, can be acquired.

Conclusions:

  • Ringing mode AFM is a powerful and versatile technique for high-resolution imaging of biological and soft materials.
  • The described protocol facilitates the adoption and effective use of ringing mode.
  • This method offers significant improvements in speed, image quality, and data richness over conventional AFM techniques.