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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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CRISPR01:59

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
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Genome Editing in Mammalian Cell Lines using CRISPR-Cas
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Genome Editing in Mammalian Cell Lines using CRISPR-Cas

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Functional Genomics via CRISPR-Cas.

Kyle Ford1, Daniella McDonald2, Prashant Mali1

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.

Journal of Molecular Biology
|July 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

CRISPR-Cas screening enables high-throughput investigation of genomic function. Advances in this technology accelerate discovery and hold promise for future clinical applications in disease management.

Keywords:
CRISPR–Casfunctional genomicsnext-generation sequencingscreens

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • RNA-guided CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins are powerful tools for genome engineering.
  • CRISPR-Cas systems offer programmability for high-throughput genomic studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in CRISPR-Cas genomic screening.
  • To outline protocols, pitfalls, challenges, and future directions in CRISPR-Cas screening.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing CRISPR-Cas perturbations combined with single-cell analyses.
  • Facile single-guide RNA library synthesis for rapid perturbation screening.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR-Cas screening effectively investigates functional consequences of genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic perturbations.
  • Forward screens link genotypes to cellular phenotypes using CRISPR-Cas and single-cell analysis.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR-Cas screening is a rapidly advancing technology with significant potential.
  • Future developments are expected to enhance clinical applications, particularly in patient-centric functional screening for disease management.