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Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Extraction and Detection of Geosmin and 2-Methylisoborneol in Water and Fish using High-Capacity Sorptive Extraction Probes and GC-MS
Published on: July 3, 2025
A fast and reliable method for quantitation of THC and its 2 main metabolites in whole blood by GC-MS/MS (TQD)
André L Castro1, Sónia Tarelho1, Paula Melo1
1National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology Service, Portugal.
Abstract:
An analytical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of Δ9- tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-hydroxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-THC) and l1-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) in whole blood samples, for identification and quantitation purposes. Samples were prepared using solid-phase extraction, followed by gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) analysis in multiple reaction monitoring mode, with a total run time of 7.6min. MS/MS detection was achieved with two ion transitions per substance. The method was fully validated, including selectivity and capacity of identification, limit of detection and limit of quantitation, recovery, carryover, linearity (1-100ng/mL), intra-assay precision, inter-assay accuracy. The obtained results allowed its use in routine forensic analysis, with the application to real samples, both clinical and post-mortem.
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