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Related Concept Videos

Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions01:17

Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions

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The cerebellum, also known as the "little brain," is located in the posterior cranial fossa, inferior to the tentorium cerebelli and dorsal to the brainstem. It plays a significant role in motor control, coordination, and proprioception.
Cerebellar Structure
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Anatomical Movements00:51

Anatomical Movements

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Anatomical movements refer to the various actions or motions that can be performed by the body's joints and muscles. These movements are described using specific terms to provide a standardized way of discussing and understanding the range of motion at different joints.
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Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

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The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
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In eukaryotic cells,  cytoskeletal filaments such as actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments form a mesh-like cytoskeletal network. These filaments serve as tracks for transporting cellular cargo. Specialized motor proteins use the chemical energy stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for this transport. During interphase, microtubules are polarized, with the plus-end towards the cell periphery and the minus-end towards the cell center. Two microtubule-associated motor proteins,...
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The force applied by fluids against a surface, known as hydrostatic pressure, initiates the transfer of fluid among different compartments. Within our blood vessels, the blood's hydrostatic pressure is a result of the heart's pumping action. At the arteriolar end of capillaries, hydrostatic pressure (capillary blood pressure) exceeds the opposing colloid osmotic pressure created primarily by plasma proteins like albumin. This discrepancy in pressure propels plasma and nutrients from the...
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Movement Joints in Buildings01:27

Movement Joints in Buildings

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Movement joints in buildings are essential design elements that accommodate inevitable motions caused by various factors such as temperature changes, moisture content variations, and structural deflections. These motions, if not considered in design and construction, can lead to unsightly or dangerous damage. Movement joints are incorporated in different forms to manage these stresses and allow materials to move without causing distress.
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Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory
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The cerebellum as a movement sensor.

Amanda S Therrien1, Amy J Bastian1

  • 1Center for Movement Studies, Kennedy Krieger Institute, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Neuroscience Letters
|July 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The cerebellum, crucial for predictive control, may function as a movement outcome predictor. Further research is needed to confirm this role and understand its computational mechanisms.

Keywords:
AtaxiaCerebellumProprioception

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • The cerebellum's role in motor control is well-established, but its precise computational function remains debated.
  • Existing theories often focus on motor execution rather than predictive processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review diverse studies on cerebellar function and dysfunction.
  • To interpret these findings within a predictive control framework.
  • To propose the cerebellum as a predictor of sensory movement outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of cerebellar function and dysfunction studies.
  • Analysis of human behavioral studies.
  • Examination of motor and sensory impairments linked to cerebellar damage.

Main Results:

  • Cerebellar dysfunction leads to significant motor and sensory impairments.
  • Evidence supports the cerebellum's involvement in predictive mechanisms.
  • A predictive control model offers a parsimonious explanation for cerebellar roles.

Conclusions:

  • The cerebellum likely functions as a predictor of the sensory consequences of movements.
  • This predictive role integrates motor and sensory information.
  • Further investigation is required to elucidate the computational processes underlying cerebellar prediction.