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Related Concept Videos

RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

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RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
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Transcription01:10

Transcription

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Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
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Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors

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Certain biochemical processes, such as embryonic development and cell growth regulation, depend on the repression of specific genes. DNA binding proteins known as eukaryotic transcription inhibitors regulate the repression of gene expression in eukaryotes. The presence of these inhibitors at the required location and time in the cell is triggered by the presence of hormones and additional signals from other cells.
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Eukaryotic Transcription Activators02:42

Eukaryotic Transcription Activators

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Transcription activators are proteins that promote the transcription of genes from DNA to RNA. In most cases, these proteins contain two separate domains ‒ a domain that binds to DNA and a domain for activating transcription; however, in some cases, a single domain is responsible for both binding and activation of transcription, as seen in the glucocorticoid receptor and MyoD.
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Master Transcription Regulators

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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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Efficient and precise editing of endogenous transcripts with SNAP-tagged ADARs.

Paul Vogel1, Matin Moschref1, Qin Li2

  • 1Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.

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|July 4, 2018
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This study introduces SNAP-tagged deaminases for precise RNA editing of adenosine to inosine. This molecular tool efficiently targets multiple disease-related genes simultaneously, outperforming existing methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Therapeutics
  • Gene Editing Technologies

Background:

  • RNA editing is crucial for cellular function and disease.
  • Existing molecular tools for RNA editing have limitations in efficiency and specificity.
  • Targeting specific RNA sequences allows for precise modulation of gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel RNA editing system using SNAP-tagged deaminases.
  • To demonstrate the simultaneous and efficient editing of multiple endogenous transcripts.
  • To compare the performance of this new system against existing Cas13b-ADAR technology.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized SNAP-tagged adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs).
  • Employed chemically stabilized guide RNA for transcript targeting.
  • Applied the system for concurrent editing of KRAS and STAT1 signaling transcripts.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high efficiency (up to 90%) and precision in RNA editing.
  • Demonstrated simultaneous editing of multiple disease-relevant transcripts.
  • Showcased improved performance compared to Cas13b-ADAR systems.

Conclusions:

  • SNAP-tagged deaminases offer a powerful and efficient tool for precise RNA editing.
  • This technology enables concurrent modification of multiple disease-associated RNA targets.
  • The developed system represents an advancement in RNA recoding and processing technologies.