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Diagnosis and management of laryngotracheal stenosis

Matthew M Smith1,2, Robin T Cotton1,2

  • 1a Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery , Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center , Cincinnati , OH , USA.

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine
|July 5, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric laryngotracheal stenosis, a cause of airway obstruction, is increasingly managed with advanced surgical techniques. Future research into tracheal transplantation may offer new treatment options for complex cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Otolaryngology
  • Airway Surgery
  • Pediatric Airway Reconstruction

Background:

  • Laryngotracheal stenosis presents a spectrum of congenital and acquired conditions causing pediatric airway obstruction.
  • Historically managed with endoscopic dilations, treatment evolved with operative procedures like laryngotracheoplasty and cricotracheal resection.
  • Advancements in endoscopic technology now allow complex procedures to be performed endoscopically.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnosis, workup, and surgical treatment of pediatric laryngotracheal stenosis.
  • To summarize key research and techniques in pediatric airway reconstruction.
  • To highlight the evolving treatment landscape for pediatric airway obstruction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of important articles and research on pediatric airway reconstruction.
  • Summary of techniques in the surgical treatment of laryngotracheal stenosis.
  • Inclusion of studies describing advancements in endoscopic airway surgery.

Main Results:

  • Surgical interventions have significantly altered the treatment paradigm for pediatric laryngotracheal stenosis.
  • Endoscopic techniques have expanded the scope of treatable conditions.
  • Multidisciplinary aerodigestive centers are crucial for managing these complex cases.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of pediatric laryngotracheal stenosis relies on a multidisciplinary approach.
  • Continued research is essential for advancing treatment strategies.
  • Tracheal transplantation and replacement represent a potential future frontier in managing laryngotracheal stenosis.
Abstract

Keywords:
Subglottic stenosisballoon dilationcricotracheal resectionlaryngotracheoplastypediatric airway reconstructionslide tracheoplastytracheal stenosis

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