Oral manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children: A preliminary observational study

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Kothimbakkam Sai Sarath Kumar1, Jayanthi Mungara1, Nilaya Reddy Venumbaka1

  • 1Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Ragas Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry
|July 5, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is linked to significant dental erosion, particularly in posterior teeth. Early detection of erosion may aid in diagnosing GERD in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dentistry
  • Gastroenterology
  • Oral Medicine

Background:

  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common condition in children.
  • Oral manifestations of GERD are not well-documented in all populations.
  • Dental erosion is a potential oral sign of GERD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of oral manifestations in pediatric GERD patients.
  • To investigate the association between GERD and dental erosion in children.
  • To identify potential diagnostic indicators of GERD in pediatric dental examinations.

Main Methods:

  • A study group of 51 pediatric GERD patients (aged 2-12 years) was recruited from children's hospitals in Chennai, India.
  • Patients underwent clinical dental examinations and answered questionnaires on dietary habits.
  • GERD diagnosis was confirmed by endoscopy and 24-hour pH-metry.

Main Results:

  • Dental erosion was observed in 82.35% of the pediatric GERD patients.
  • Dental erosion was detected in 21.52% of deciduous teeth and 14.84% of permanent teeth.
  • The occlusal surfaces of maxillary posterior primary teeth and mandibular molar permanent teeth were most frequently affected.

Conclusions:

  • A positive correlation exists between pediatric GERD and dental erosion.
  • Dental erosion, especially in posterior teeth, may serve as an early indicator for diagnosing GERD in children.
  • Identifying dental erosion can prompt referral to a gastroenterologist for further GERD evaluation.
Abstract

Keywords:
Childrendental erosiongastroesophageal reflux diseaseposterior teeth

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