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Telomeres and Telomerase02:41

Telomeres and Telomerase

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In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section of DNA cannot be replicated in the same manner as the rest of the strand because there is no 3’ end to which the newly synthesized DNA can attach. This non-replicated fragment results in gradual loss of the chromosomal DNA during each cell duplication. Additionally, it can induce a DNA damage response by enzymes that recognize single-stranded...
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For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
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In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
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The Equilibrium Binding Constant and Binding Strength02:18

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The equilibrium binding constant (Kb) quantifies the strength of a protein-ligand interaction. Kb can be calculated as follows when the reaction is at equilibrium:
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Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

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The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents
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Amide Coupling Reaction for the Synthesis of Bispyridine-based Ligands and Their Complexation to Platinum as Dinuclear Anticancer Agents

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Platinum Complexes Can Bind to Telomeres by Coordination.

Lina Saker1,2, Samar Ali3,4, Caroline Masserot5,6

  • 1INSERM UMR-S 1007, Cellular Homeostasis and Cancer, 75006 Paris, France. linasaker@yahoo.com.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 5, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Platinum compounds can target telomeres, but direct binding varies. Cisplatin binds telomeric DNA less than genomic DNA in cells, suggesting indirect effects on telomeres and TRF2 displacement.

Keywords:
G-quadruplexTRF2cisplatinplatinum complexestelomeres

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Chemical Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Telomeres are crucial for genomic stability and are targeted by G-quadruplex ligands to induce cell death.
  • Direct quantitative binding of these ligands to telomeres remains unproven.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and quantify the covalent binding of platinum compounds to telomeres.
  • To determine if platinum-G-quadruplex complexes can directly target telomeric DNA.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized platinum and platinum-G-quadruplex complexes targeting G-rich sequences.
  • Employed inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for quantitative analysis of DNA binding.
  • Compared in cellulo and in vitro binding data for cisplatin and mono-functional platinum complexes.

Main Results:

  • In cellulo, cisplatin (di-functional platinum complex) platinated telomeric DNA 13-fold less than genomic DNA, contrasting in vitro findings.
  • Mono-functional platinum complexes (Pt-ttpy, Pt-tpy) showed similar binding to telomeric and genomic DNA, independent of G-quadruplex formation.
  • Low cisplatin binding to telomeric DNA does not directly explain TRF2 displacement.

Conclusions:

  • Platinum complexes can impact telomeres through both direct and indirect mechanisms.
  • The binding affinity of platinum complexes to telomeres differs significantly between cellular and experimental conditions.