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Blast Quantification Using Hopkinson Pressure Bars
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Wheat Blast: Past, Present, and Future.

Paulo Cezar Ceresini1, Vanina Lilián Castroagudín1, Fabrício Ávila Rodrigues2

  • 1Department of Crop Protection, Agricultural Engineering, and Soils, São Paulo State University, 15385-000, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil;

Annual Review of Phytopathology
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Wheat blast, caused by Pyricularia graminis-tritici (Pygt), is a devastating disease that spread globally in 2016. Integrated management and resistant varieties are crucial for future control.

Keywords:
Pyricularia graminis-triticiepidemiologyfungal infectionhost physiologyintegrated disease management strategiesinternational quarantinepathogen diversificationpopulation biologywheat blast origin

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Agricultural Science
  • Mycology

Background:

  • Wheat blast, caused by Pyricularia graminis-tritici (Pygt), emerged in Brazil in 1985 and spread globally in 2016.
  • Pygt is genetically distinct from the rice blast pathogen (Pyricularia oryzae) and exhibits high genetic diversity.
  • The pathogen's broad host range facilitates recombination on alternate grass hosts, increasing its adaptability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current knowledge on wheat blast, covering its history, etiology, epidemiology, physiology, and genetics.
  • To highlight the urgent need for integrated management strategies and international collaboration.
  • To emphasize the importance of strengthened quarantine and biosafety measures.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing existing research on wheat blast.
  • Analysis of the pathogen's genetic and phenotypic diversity.
  • Discussion of epidemiological factors and host-pathogen interactions.

Main Results:

  • Wheat blast has a significant history of devastation and recent global spread.
  • Pygt possesses high genetic diversity and a broad host range, contributing to its adaptability.
  • Recombination on alternate hosts is a key factor in Pygt's diversity.

Conclusions:

  • Strengthened quarantine and biosafety regulations are essential to prevent further international spread.
  • International breeding programs are necessary to develop wheat varieties with durable resistance.
  • Integrated management strategies are vital for the long-term control of wheat blast.