Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Uncertainty Principle04:08

The Uncertainty Principle

32.6K
Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He...
32.6K
Structure of Lipids03:38

Structure of Lipids

99.1K
Lipids include a diverse group of compounds that are largely nonpolar in nature. This is because they are hydrocarbons that include mostly nonpolar carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bonds. Non-polar molecules are hydrophobic (“water fearing”), or insoluble in water. Lipids perform many different functions in a cell. Cells store energy for long-term use in the form of fats. Lipids also provide insulation from the environment for plants and animals. For example, they help keep aquatic...
99.1K
The Periodic Table03:25

The Periodic Table

116.5K
As early chemists discovered more elements, they realized that various elements could be grouped by their similar chemical behaviors. One such grouping includes lithium (Li), sodium (Na), and potassium (K). All of these elements are shiny, conduct heat and electricity well, and have similar chemical properties. A second grouping includes calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba), which also are shiny, good conductors of heat and electricity, and have chemical properties in common. However,...
116.5K
Noble Gases02:54

Noble Gases

22.8K

The elements in group 18 are noble gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon). They earned the name “noble” because they were assumed to be nonreactive since they have filled valence shells. In 1962, Dr. Neil Bartlett at the University of British Columbia proved this assumption to be false.
22.8K
Ionic Radii03:10

Ionic Radii

33.6K
Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
33.6K
Ions and Ionic Charges03:27

Ions and Ionic Charges

79.2K
In ordinary chemical reactions, the nucleus — which contains the protons and neutrons of each atom and thus identifies the element — remains unchanged. Electrons, however, can be added to atoms by transfer from other atoms, lost by transfer to other atoms, or shared with other atoms. The transfer and sharing of electrons among atoms govern the chemistry of the elements. During the formation of some compounds, atoms gain or lose electrons to form electrically charged particles called...
79.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Replacing Surrogate Decision-Making with Supported Decision-Making for Minimal Risk Research.

The Journal of law, medicine & ethics : a journal of the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics·2026
Same author

Intellectual Disability and Supported Decision-Making in Clinical Research: Anticipating Ethical Challenges.

The Journal of law, medicine & ethics : a journal of the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics·2026
Same author

Using Supported Decision-Making to Promote Value-Aligned Research Participation.

The Journal of law, medicine & ethics : a journal of the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics·2026
Same author

Supported Decision-Making and the Inclusion of People who Lack Decisional Capacity in Greater than Minimal Risk Research.

The Journal of law, medicine & ethics : a journal of the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics·2026
Same author

Taking actuarial fairness seriously: what is required for the ethical use of genetics in insurance?

Journal of law and the biosciences·2026
Same author

Surrogate Decision-Making in Carceral Healthcare.

Journal of general internal medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Microwave-assisted One-pot Synthesis of N-succinimidyl-4-[18F]fluorobenzoate [18F]SFB
08:33

Microwave-assisted One-pot Synthesis of N-succinimidyl-4-[18F]fluorobenzoate [18F]SFB

Published on: June 28, 2011

13.4K

Reconsidering the Need for Reconsent at 18.

Benjamin E Berkman1,2, Dana Howard3, David Wendler3

  • 1Department of Bioethics, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and berkmanbe@mail.nih.gov.

Pediatrics
|July 8, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Parental permission obtained during sample collection from minors should suffice for future research use, even after the individual reaches adulthood. This challenges the consensus requiring re-consent from adult donors for continued storage and use of their biological specimens.

More Related Videos

Automated Radiochemical Synthesis of [18F]3F4AP: A Novel PET Tracer for Imaging Demyelinating Diseases
11:03

Automated Radiochemical Synthesis of [18F]3F4AP: A Novel PET Tracer for Imaging Demyelinating Diseases

Published on: May 29, 2017

10.5K
Protease- and Acid-catalyzed Labeling Workflows Employing 18O-enriched Water
09:43

Protease- and Acid-catalyzed Labeling Workflows Employing 18O-enriched Water

Published on: February 20, 2013

12.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Microwave-assisted One-pot Synthesis of N-succinimidyl-4-[18F]fluorobenzoate [18F]SFB
08:33

Microwave-assisted One-pot Synthesis of N-succinimidyl-4-[18F]fluorobenzoate [18F]SFB

Published on: June 28, 2011

13.4K
Automated Radiochemical Synthesis of [18F]3F4AP: A Novel PET Tracer for Imaging Demyelinating Diseases
11:03

Automated Radiochemical Synthesis of [18F]3F4AP: A Novel PET Tracer for Imaging Demyelinating Diseases

Published on: May 29, 2017

10.5K
Protease- and Acid-catalyzed Labeling Workflows Employing 18O-enriched Water
09:43

Protease- and Acid-catalyzed Labeling Workflows Employing 18O-enriched Water

Published on: February 20, 2013

12.3K

Area of Science:

  • Bioethics
  • Medical Law
  • Research Ethics

Background:

  • Research involving biological specimens is increasing.
  • Debate exists regarding consent for storing and using minors' biological samples in future research.
  • Current guidelines often require donor re-consent after reaching the age of majority.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To argue against the prevailing view that adult donors must re-consent to the storage and use of their biological samples.
  • To assert that parental permission obtained during sample collection is sufficient for future research.

Main Methods:

  • Ethical analysis of consent requirements for biological specimens.
  • Review of existing guidelines and commentaries on research with minors' samples.
  • Argumentation based on the legal and ethical implications of initial parental consent.

Main Results:

  • The near-consensus view requiring adult donor re-consent is challenged.
  • Parental permission at the time of sample collection is argued to provide sufficient authorization for future research use.
  • Existing ethical frameworks may not adequately address the continuity of consent for stored biological samples.

Conclusions:

  • Parental consent for sample collection from minors should extend to future research use after the donor reaches adulthood.
  • Re-consenting adult donors for stored biological samples may be ethically and practically unnecessary.
  • This ethical stance could streamline future research while respecting initial consent parameters.