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Related Concept Videos

Light Acquisition02:16

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In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.
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The energy required to carry out photosynthesis is light— typically electromagnetic radiation from the sun. The range of all possible wavelengths is known as the electromagnetic spectrum.
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A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
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The nature of light has been a subject of inquiry since antiquity. In the seventeenth century, Isaac Newton performed experiments with lenses and prisms and was able to demonstrate that white light consists of the individual colors of the rainbow combined together. Newton explained his optics findings in terms of a "corpuscular" view of light, in which light was composed of streams of extremely tiny particles traveling at high speeds according to Newton's laws of motion.
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Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.
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Stormwater detention basins are essential in managing runoff during heavy rainfall, particularly in urban areas where impervious surfaces increase the risk of flooding. Understanding the conservation of mass in these systems allows engineers to optimize basin performance, balancing inflow, outflow, and water storage.
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Title Cell Encapsulation by Droplets
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Title Cell Encapsulation by Droplets

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Moving Droplets in 3D Using Light.

Yang Xiao1, Sara Zarghami1, Klaudia Wagner1

  • 1ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Faculty, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|July 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed light-activated artificial microdroplets capable of 3D movement in liquids. This breakthrough enables precise control for transporting materials and performing chemical reactions in microfluidic systems.

Keywords:
Marangoni effectchemical transportinterfacial tensionphotoactive microdropletsspiropyran

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Artificial motile vesicles and microdroplets are key for advanced fluidic platforms.
  • Previous artificial microdroplets lacked precise 3D movement control in liquids.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate controlled 3D movement of artificial microdroplets using light.
  • To enable complex functions like cargo transport and chemical reactions via microdroplets.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporating photoactive materials as chemical fuel into microdroplets.
  • Utilizing light sources to induce isothermal changes in interfacial tension (Marangoni flow) for propulsion.
  • Demonstrating droplet merging and directed movement for cargo delivery.

Main Results:

  • Achieved light-induced 3D movement of microdroplets in water without external additives.
  • Reached propulsion speeds up to 10.4 mm s-1.
  • Successfully executed cargo transport and chemical reactions using merged droplets.

Conclusions:

  • Light-activated, motile droplets offer unprecedented control and versatility for fluidic transport.
  • This technology opens new avenues for microfluidic applications in chemical synthesis and delivery.
  • The system's ability to perform complex functions advances the field of microfluidic manipulation.