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Related Concept Videos

The Carbon Cycle01:14

The Carbon Cycle

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Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
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Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
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Feedback Inhibition00:46

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Observing carbon cycle-climate feedbacks from space.

Piers J Sellers1, David S Schimel2, Berrien Moore3

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human carbon dioxide and methane emissions impact climate, but climate feedbacks also alter atmospheric concentrations. Understanding these carbon-climate feedbacks is vital for effective climate change mitigation and stable climate futures.

Keywords:
Winston Churchillclimate feedbackecosystemsmitigationremote sensing

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Area of Science:

  • Earth System Science
  • Climate Science
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Human emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) are primary drivers of climate change.
  • Atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases are influenced by complex climate feedbacks, not just emissions.
  • Changes in these feedbacks due to a changing climate can alter the trajectory of global warming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the critical need for quantifying and understanding carbon-climate feedbacks at a process level.
  • To highlight the role of Earth system models in developing effective climate mitigation strategies.
  • To advocate for a comprehensive carbon-climate observing system for improved climate stewardship.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing advanced space-based remote sensing for highly resolved measurements of carbon exchange.
  • Integrating remote sensing data with existing in situ systems for enhanced spatial and process understanding.
  • Analyzing key carbon cycle processes including photosynthesis, respiration, and biomass burning.

Main Results:

  • Remote sensing offers crucial spatial and process resolution for carbon exchange measurements.
  • These advanced measurements can significantly improve Earth system models.
  • Understanding feedbacks is essential for predicting future climate impacts.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate quantification of carbon-climate feedbacks is essential for developing effective climate mitigation.
  • Earth system models require enhanced data from observing systems for accurate climate predictions.
  • Long-term monitoring of emissions and feedbacks is crucial for planetary stewardship.