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Cardiac function in acute hypothyroidism.

K Donaghue, I Hales, S Allwright

    European Journal of Nuclear Medicine
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Short periods of hypothyroidism (10 days) can impair cardiac function, specifically reducing the heart's ability to increase output during exercise. This suggests hypothyroidism impacts cardiac reserve through metabolic changes, not structural ones.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Endocrinology
    • Metabolic Function

    Background:

    • Chronic hypothyroidism is known to affect cardiac function.
    • The duration required for hypothyroidism to impact the heart remains unclear.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the cardiac effects of a short period (10 days) of induced hypothyroidism.
    • To assess if brief hypothyroidism alters cardiac reserve.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied 9 patients post-thyroidectomy and radioiodine treatment, transitioning between euthyroid and hypothyroid states.
    • Cardiac function assessed using X-ray, ECG, echocardiography, and gated blood-pool scans.
    • Evaluated cardiac response to exercise before and after 10 days of hypothyroidism.

    Main Results:

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    • Left-ventricular ejection fraction failed to increase with exercise in 4 out of 9 patients after 10 days of hypothyroidism (P < 0.002).
    • No significant changes in resting cardiac size or function were observed.
    • Absence of pericardial effusion and normal basal function were noted.

    Conclusions:

    • Short-term hypothyroidism (10 days) can reduce cardiac reserve.
    • This reduction in cardiac reserve appears to be due to metabolic alterations rather than changes in cardiac size or structure.
    • Hypothyroidism may impact the heart's functional capacity even with brief exposure.