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Decoding selective attention to context memory: An aging study.

Patrick S Powell1, Jonathan Strunk1, Taylor James1

  • 1Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Psychology, 654 Cherry Street NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0170, United States.

Neuroimage
|July 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Older adults

Keywords:
AgingAttentionContext memoryEncodingHyper-bindingMVPA

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Human Memory

Background:

  • Older adults often exhibit hyper-binding, excessively linking contextual information during memory encoding.
  • This hyper-binding may underlie age-related memory deficits for relevant context.
  • Age-related declines in selective attention and inhibitory control are theorized to contribute to these memory issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural dynamics of selective attention during memory encoding in young and older adults.
  • To determine if moment-to-moment attention shifts can be decoded using electroencephalography (EEG).
  • To examine the relationship between attention fluctuations, hyper-binding, and context memory performance.

Main Methods:

  • Multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) applied to oscillatory EEG data.
  • Participants (young and older adults) studied objects with color and scene contexts, with attention directed to one context.
  • EEG data analyzed to decode attentional focus (scene vs. color) during encoding.

Main Results:

  • Oscillatory power patterns successfully predicted attentional focus across age groups.
  • Classification performance correlated with memory accuracy for the target context.
  • Within-trial attention fluctuations predicted individual differences in hyper-binding.

Conclusions:

  • This study is the first to decode attention during episodic encoding using MVPA of EEG.
  • Attentional shifts toward distracting information may contribute to age-related context memory impairments and hyper-binding.
  • Findings support theories linking age-related memory decline to deficits in selective attention and/or inhibition.