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Work as a calling: A theoretical model.

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Perceiving work as a calling enhances well-being. The new Work as Calling Theory (WCT) models its predictors, moderators, and outcomes, including job satisfaction and burnout.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Organizational Behavior

Background:

  • Work as a calling is linked to enhanced well-being.
  • A formal theory explaining the predictors and outcomes of experiencing work as a calling is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce the Work as Calling Theory (WCT), an empirically testable model.
  • Provide a framework for understanding the phenomenon of work as a calling in contemporary workplaces.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesize existing research from counseling, vocational, multicultural, and industrial-organizational psychology.
  • Integrate findings from numerous quantitative and qualitative studies on the concept of calling.
  • Develop a three-part theoretical model encompassing predictors, moderators/mediators, and outcomes of living a calling.

Main Results:

  • The WCT outlines key predictors of perceiving and living a calling.
  • Identifies variables that moderate and mediate the relationship between perceiving and living a calling.
  • Details both positive outcomes (e.g., job satisfaction, performance) and potential negative outcomes (e.g., burnout, workaholism, exploitation).

Conclusions:

  • The WCT offers a comprehensive framework for understanding work as a calling.
  • Provides practical implications for counselors and managers to foster calling in clients and employees.
  • Highlights the multifaceted nature of experiencing work as a calling, with both benefits and potential drawbacks.