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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management

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AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
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Sarcopenia: A Rheumatic Disease?

Sarthak Gupta1, Robinder J S Dhillon1, Sarfaraz Hasni1

  • 1Lupus Clinical Research Program, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, Room Number 3-2340, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Rheumatic Diseases Clinics of North America
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PubMed
Summary

Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle, is a growing health issue in the elderly. Early recognition and management are crucial due to its impact on health and healthcare costs.

Keywords:
AgingFall riskFrailtyMuscle atrophyMuscle strengthSarcopeniaSenescenceSkeletal muscle mass loss

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Musculoskeletal Health
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Sarcopenia is defined as the age-related loss of muscle mass, strength, and function.
  • The increasing elderly population worldwide makes sarcopenia a significant public health concern.
  • It contributes to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide general practitioners and rheumatologists with an overview of sarcopenia.
  • To cover the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of sarcopenia.
  • To address the underrecognition and poor management of sarcopenia in clinical practice.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on sarcopenia.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and testing availability.
  • Discussion of management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Sarcopenia is underrecognized and poorly managed in clinical settings.
  • Lack of standardized diagnostic criteria and testing hinders diagnosis.
  • Effective management strategies are essential for improving patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Sarcopenia requires greater clinical attention and standardized diagnostic approaches.
  • Understanding pathophysiology is key to effective management.
  • This article aims to equip clinicians with knowledge for better patient care.