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Related Concept Videos

Alkali Metals03:06

Alkali Metals

24.9K
Group 1 elements are soft and shiny metallic solids. They are malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity. The melting points of the alkali metals are unusually low for metals and decrease going down the group, while the density increases going down the group with the exception of potassium (Table 1).
Table 1: Properties of the alkali metals
24.9K
Bonding in Metals02:32

Bonding in Metals

52.6K
Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”. 
52.6K
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

20.8K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
20.8K
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

24.4K
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
24.4K
Properties of Transition Metals02:58

Properties of Transition Metals

30.0K
Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
30.0K
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

7.4K
Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
7.4K

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Anticancer Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy with Lung Cancer-Targeted Nanoparticles
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Anticancer Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy with Lung Cancer-Targeted Nanoparticles

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Recent Progress in Metal-Based Nanoparticles Mediated Photodynamic Therapy.

Jingyao Sun1,2, Semen Kormakov3, Ying Liu4

  • 1College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China. sunjingyao5566@sina.com.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Metal-based nanoparticles improve photodynamic therapy (PDT) by addressing photosensitizer solubility and light depth issues. This review explores their application, toxicity, and future potential in cancer treatment.

Keywords:
metal-based nanoparticlesphotodynamic therapypotential toxicity

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Photochemistry
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Photodynamic therapy (PDT) utilizes light, oxygen, and photosensitizers (PSs) for non-invasive treatment of diseases.
  • Current PSs face challenges with poor water solubility and limited light penetration (<1 mm).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in metal-based nanoparticles for PDT applications.
  • To discuss the potential toxicity and future research directions of these nanomaterials.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on metal-based nanoparticles in PDT research.
  • Analysis of studies investigating nanoparticle properties and therapeutic efficacy.
  • Evaluation of reported toxicity data and future outlooks.

Main Results:

  • Metal-based nanoparticles show promise in overcoming limitations of traditional PSs.
  • Nanoparticles can enhance water solubility and potentially improve light penetration for PDT.
  • Toxicity profiles and long-term effects require further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Metal-based nanoparticles represent a significant advancement for photodynamic therapy.
  • Further research is needed to optimize nanoparticle design and assess safety for clinical translation.
  • These nanomaterials offer a promising avenue for improved cancer treatment modalities.