Celiac Disease and Liver Disorders: From Putative Pathogenesis to Clinical Implications

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology and Hepatology
• Immunology
• Microbiome Research

Background:

• Immune-mediated liver diseases are common extraintestinal manifestations of celiac disease.
• Existing literature often focuses on the gut-liver axis, tissue transglutaminase antibodies, and intestinal barrier function.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive review of the pathogenetic relationship between celiac disease and liver injury.
• To integrate recent findings on the role of gut microbiota in celiac disease and liver disorders.
• To offer a clinical overview of liver diseases associated with celiac disease and recommend management strategies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of MEDLINE/PubMed articles up to June 15, 2018.
• Analysis of current hypotheses on the pathogenesis of celiac disease-associated liver injury.
• Integration of research on gut microbiota's role.

Main Results:

• Celiac disease is associated with various liver disorders.
• Gut microbiota dysbiosis may play a significant role in the pathogenesis.
• Specific liver diseases commonly found in celiac patients were identified.

Conclusions:

• Highlights the clinical implications of the celiac disease-liver disorder association.
• Recommends a rational approach for managing elevated transaminases in celiac patients.
• Emphasizes the importance of screening for celiac disease in patients with unexplained liver disease.