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Colloids

Colloids

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...

Colloids and Suspensions

Colloids and Suspensions

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...

Atomic Structure

Atomic Structure

Atomic Mass

Atomic Mass

Atoms — and the protons, neutrons, and electrons that compose them — are extremely small. For example, a carbon atom weighs less than 2 × 10−23 g. When describing the properties of tiny objects such as atoms, we use appropriately small units of measure, such as the atomic mass unit (amu). The amu was originally defined based on hydrogen, the lightest element, then later in terms of oxygen. Since 1961, it has been defined with regard to the most abundant isotope of carbon, atoms of which...

Colloidal precipitates

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...

Atomic Orbitals

Atomic Orbitals

An atomic orbital represents the three-dimensional regions in an atom where an electron has the highest probability to reside. The radial distribution function indicates the total probability of finding an electron within the thin shell at a distance r from the nucleus. The atomic orbitals have distinct shapes which are determined by l, the angular momentum quantum number. The orbitals are often drawn with a boundary surface, enclosing densest regions of the cloud.

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Fabrication of Inverted Colloidal Crystal Polyethylene glycol Scaffold: A Three-dimensional Cell Culture Platform for Liver Tissue Engineering

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Active Atoms and Interstitials in Two-Dimensional Colloidal Crystals.

Kilian Dietrich¹, Giovanni Volpe², Muhammad Nasruddin Sulaiman³

¹Laboratory for Interfaces, Soft Matter and Assembly, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland.

Physical Review Letters

|July 14, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Active particles in colloidal crystals exhibit distinct movement patterns. Depending on interactions, they act as interstitials with run-and-tumble motion or as active atoms with intermittent movement within the crystal lattice.

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Area of Science:

Soft Matter Physics
Colloidal Science
Active Matter

Background:

Self-phoretic active particles are crucial in soft matter systems.
Colloidal crystals offer structured environments for studying particle dynamics.
Understanding particle-lattice interactions is key to controlling active matter behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the motion of self-phoretic active particles in 2D colloidal crystals.
To differentiate and characterize distinct movement scenarios based on particle-lattice interactions.
To explore the fundamental physics governing active particle behavior in structured media.

Main Methods:

Experimental observation of active particle trajectories.
Numerical simulations to model particle dynamics.
Analysis of particle motion in loosely packed colloidal crystals at fluid interfaces.

Main Results:

Two primary motion regimes were identified: interstitial and atomic.
Interstitial particles exhibit run-and-tumble dynamics, using passive colloids as tumbling sites.
Atomic particles display intermittent motion due to self-propulsion and crystal potential interactions.

Conclusions:

The study reveals complex behaviors of active particles within colloidal crystals.
Findings pave the way for designing non-close-packed crystalline phases with internal activity.
This work advances the understanding of active matter in structured soft matter environments.