Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Early Detection and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors
03:05

Author Spotlight: Advancing Early Detection and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors

Published on: February 16, 2024

1.6K

Determinants of high-grade anal intraepithelial lesions in HIV-positive MSM

Gary M Clifford1, Laurent Siproudhis2, Lionel Piroth3,4

  • 1International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon.

AIDS (London, England)
|July 14, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Smoking, anal cytology, and HPV16 infection are key determinants for high-grade anal intraepithelial lesions (hHSIL) in HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM). HIV status did not significantly impact hHSIL risk, but practice variations in high-resolution anoscopy were noted.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Anal cancer is a significant concern in HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM).
  • High-grade anal intraepithelial lesions (hHSIL) are a precursor to anal cancer.
  • Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the primary driver of anal cancer and its precursors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify determinants of histologically proven high-grade anal intraepithelial lesions (hHSIL) in a cohort of HIV-positive MSM.
  • To assess the role of HPV infection, anal cytology, and clinical factors in hHSIL development.
  • To investigate potential variations in diagnostic practices across different clinical centers.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study (APACHES) involving 513 HIV-positive MSM aged 35+ across six French centers.
  • High-resolution anoscopy (HRA) with biopsies, anal swabs for cytology, p16/Ki67 immunostaining, and HPV DNA testing at baseline.
  • Logistic regression analysis to assess determinants of hHSIL, confirmed by histopathological review.

Main Results:

  • Baseline hHSIL prevalence was 10.4%, not significantly associated with age, sexual behavior, or HIV markers.
  • Significant risk factors for hHSIL included smoking (aOR=2.6), ASCUS/LSIL (aOR=3.6), ASC-H/HSIL cytology (aOR=22.2), p16/Ki67 positivity (aOR=3.4), non-HPV16 HR-HPV (aOR=13.0), and notably HPV16 infection (aOR=46.3).
  • Previous low-grade or high-grade anal lesions also increased hHSIL risk. Significant center-specific effects were observed, particularly for HPV16-positive participants.

Conclusions:

  • Anal cytology and HPV16 infection are valuable determinants for hHSIL risk in HIV-positive MSM.
  • HIV/immunodeficiency markers were not significant predictors of hHSIL.
  • Variability in HRA practices across centers necessitates improved standardization for accurate hHSIL detection.

More Related Videos

Isolation of Exosomes from the Plasma of HIV-1 Positive Individuals06:46

Isolation of Exosomes from the Plasma of HIV-1 Positive Individuals

Published on: January 5, 2016

17.9K
Determination of Molecular Structures of HIV Envelope Glycoproteins using Cryo-Electron Tomography and Automated Sub-tomogram Averaging07:29

Determination of Molecular Structures of HIV Envelope Glycoproteins using Cryo-Electron Tomography and Automated Sub-tomogram Averaging

Published on: December 1, 2011

42.0K

Related Concept Videos

Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Anal01:26

Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Anal

Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development describes the anal stage as occurring between 18 months and three years of age. During this period, children derive pleasure from controlling and releasing their bowel movements. However, they quickly learn that societal expectations impose restrictions on when and where this can happen. This stage marks a critical point where children begin to develop a sense of control and mastery over their bodily functions, as well as their broader...
4.1K
Graded Potential01:19

Graded Potential

Graded potentials are localized fluctuations in the cell membrane's electrical charge, commonly found in the dendrites of neurons. The magnitude of these potential changes depends on the strength of the initiating stimulus. In a membrane at its resting potential, a graded potential signifies a voltage shift either above -70 mV or below -70 mV.
Graded potentials fall into two categories: depolarizing and hyperpolarizing. Depolarizing graded potentials typically occur when sodium (Na+) or...
7.1K
Types of Aggregate Grading01:15

Types of Aggregate Grading

Aggregate grading is crucial in economically obtaining a concrete mix with adequate strength, reasonable workability, and minimal segregation. There are four types of aggregate gradation: well-graded, uniformly (or one-sized) graded, gap-graded, and open-graded.
Well-graded aggregates include a complete range of necessary size fractions that fit together to create a dense matrix with minimal voids, represented by a smooth, continuous gradation curve. This type of grading ensures good...
1.5K
Position-effect Variegation02:32

Position-effect Variegation

In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
7.1K
Sieve Analysis and Grading Curves01:19

Sieve Analysis and Grading Curves

Sieve analysis is a method used to determine the particle size distribution of aggregate materials. This process involves the following steps:
993
Position and Displacement01:31

Position and Displacement

The position of an object defines its location relative to a convenient frame of reference at any particular time. A frame of reference is an arbitrary set of axes from which the position and motion of an object are described. Earth is often used as a frame of reference, and we often describe the position of an object as it relates to stationary objects on Earth. For example, a rocket launch could be described in terms of the position of the rocket with respect to Earth as a whole. On the other...
26.4K