Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 7, 2026

05:33
Introducing Clicker Training as a Cognitive Enrichment for Laboratory Mice
Published on: March 6, 2017
13.6K
Responsibility and Laboratory Animal Research Governance
Carmen McLeod1,2, Sarah Hartley3
1University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Science, Technology & Human Values
|July 17, 2018
Summary
Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) can enhance laboratory animal research governance. By broadening expert and public involvement and considering societal responsibilities, RRI addresses critiques of the 3Rs principles.
Area of Science:
- Animal research ethics
- Science governance
- Responsible innovation
Background:
- The use of animals in scientific research is a contentious issue.
- Laboratory animal research governance frameworks, centered on the 3Rs (replacement, reduction, and refinement), face criticism for their narrow focus.
- Critiques suggest current governance overlooks broader societal concerns and political questions regarding the purpose of animal research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if the Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) agenda can enhance the concept of responsibility in animal research governance.
- To examine how RRI principles can augment the existing 3Rs framework.
Main Methods:
- Conceptual analysis integrating the RRI agenda with the 3Rs principles in laboratory animal research governance.
- Examination of critiques of current 3Rs application.
- Exploration of how RRI's broader scope can address these critiques.
Main Results:
- Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) offers a valuable framework to augment the 3Rs principles.
- RRI promotes the inclusion of diverse experts and the public in animal research governance.
- RRI encourages scientists to consider societal responsibilities beyond their specific roles and acknowledge political dimensions of animal research.
Conclusions:
- The integration of RRI principles can significantly enhance the governance of animal research.
- RRI provides a more comprehensive approach to responsibility in animal research by broadening participation and considering societal implications.
- Adopting RRI can lead to more legitimate and responsive oversight of laboratory animal use.
Related Concept Videos
Physical Principles Governing Gas Exchange
3.9K
Gas behavior plays a vital role in understanding bodily processes such as external and internal respiration. External respiration involves the diffusion of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of it in the lungs. In contrast, internal respiration happens in body tissues, where these gases move in opposite directions.
Gas Laws Governing Respiration
The behavior of gases is guided by Dalton's Law of partial pressures and Henry's Law.
Dalton's Law asserts that the total...
Gas Laws Governing Respiration
The behavior of gases is guided by Dalton's Law of partial pressures and Henry's Law.
Dalton's Law asserts that the total...
3.9K
Drug Control Governance: Regulatory Bodies and Their Impact
566
Drug control governance involves the oversight and regulation of pharmaceuticals to ensure their safety and efficacy while preventing illegal drug use and trafficking. Regulatory bodies, including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union's European Medicines Agency (EMA), play a central role in this process. These agencies evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs before they can be marketed. They fund clinical trials and assess the benefits and risks associated with...
566
Tonicity in Animals
125.1K
The tonicity of a solution determines if a cell gains or loses water in that solution. The tonicity depends on the permeability of the cell membrane for different solutes and the concentration of nonpenetrating solutes in the solution within and outside of the cell. If a semipermeable membrane hinders the passage of some solutes but allows water to follow its concentration gradient, water moves from the side with low osmolarity (i.e., less solute) to the side with higher osmolarity (i.e.,...
125.1K
Tonicity in Animals
5.3K
Tonicity describes the amount of solute in a solution. The measure of the tonicity of a solution, or the total amount of solutes dissolved in a specific amount of solution, is called its osmolarity. Three terms—hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic—are used to relate the osmolarity of a cell to the osmolarity of the extracellular fluid that contains the cells. In a hypotonic solution, such as tap water, the extracellular fluid has a lower concentration of solutes than the fluid inside...
5.3K
Animal Mitochondrial Genetics
9.3K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
9.3K
Serum Laboratory Studies, Stool Test, Breath Test
887
Gastrointestinal (GI) diagnostic studies are pivotal in confirming, ruling out, diagnosing, or staging various diseases, including cancers. Following diagnosis, allocating time for discussions with the patient and providing informational resources is crucial. Diagnostic assessments of the GI tract often occur in outpatient settings like endoscopy suites or GI labs. Preparation for these tests may include dietary restrictions, fasting, liquid bowel preparations, laxatives, enemas, and the...
887

