Environmental (Lifestyle) Risk Factors for LADA
1Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Current Diabetes Reviews
|July 17, 2018
Summary
Lifestyle factors like weight, activity, and smoking influence Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA). Modifiable risks for LADA overlap with type 2 diabetes, suggesting similar prevention strategies may apply.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Diseases
- Autoimmune Disorders
Background:
- Identifying modifiable risk factors is crucial for diabetes prevention.
- Knowledge of risk factors is extensive for type 2 diabetes but limited for autoimmune diabetes.
- Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) requires further investigation into its risk factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize existing literature on lifestyle risk factors for LADA.
- To identify potential environmental influences on the development of LADA.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed.
- 15 papers were identified, focusing on lifestyle risk factors for LADA.
- Data originated from two population-based studies: one Swedish case-control and one Norwegian cohort study.
Main Results:
- LADA risk is associated with factors promoting insulin resistance, including overweight, physical inactivity, smoking, low birth weight, and sweetened beverage intake.
- Moderate alcohol consumption appears protective against LADA.
- Coffee intake may be harmful, while fatty fish intake may be protective, suggesting impacts on autoimmunity.
Conclusions:
- LADA may be partially preventable through lifestyle changes similar to those for type 2 diabetes (weight loss, physical activity, smoking cessation).
- Current understanding is limited by the small number of studies, exclusively from Scandinavian populations.
- Further research is needed to explore lifestyle factors in LADA development across diverse populations.
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