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Updated: Feb 7, 2026
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Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening
Published on: October 18, 2024
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Efficacy and outcomes of a summer-based pediatric vision screening program
Lisa A Hark1, Eric Shiuey2, Michael Yu3
1Department of Research, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York.
Summary
Vision screenings in summer programs identified significant visual acuity issues in 22.1% of school-aged children. Early detection and provision of eyeglasses are crucial for improving children's vision and academic success.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Public Health
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Underserved school-aged children often lack access to regular vision screenings.
- Early detection of visual impairments is critical for academic and social development.
- Summer programs offer a unique opportunity to reach this population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of decreased visual acuity and uncorrected refractive errors in school-aged children attending summer programs.
- To identify specific refractive errors common in this demographic.
- To assess the effectiveness of community-based vision screenings.
Main Methods:
- Vision screenings were conducted in Philadelphia summer programs from 2014-2016.
- Screening criteria included visual acuity thresholds and interocular differences.
- Children failing screening received onsite optometric evaluation and free eyeglasses if needed; others were referred.
Main Results:
- Out of 1,627 children, 22.1% failed vision screening, and 3.9% were referred.
- The prevalence of decreased distance visual acuity was 34.1%.
- Myopia was the most common refractive error (73%), increasing with age, while astigmatism decreased with age.
Conclusions:
- Collaborations with summer programs effectively screen underserved children for vision problems.
- Providing vision screenings and corrective eyewear in community settings improves access to eye care.
- These initiatives can positively impact social functioning and academic performance by addressing visual deficits.
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