Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology
07:04

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology

Published on: May 2, 2025

1.2K

Comprehensive molecular characterization of clinical responses to PD-1 inhibition in metastatic gastric cancer

Seung Tae Kim1, Razvan Cristescu2, Adam J Bass3

  • 1Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Nature Medicine
|July 18, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Pembrolizumab shows efficacy in metastatic gastric cancer (mGC). Molecular markers like microsatellite instability-high, Epstein-Barr virus positivity, and PD-L1 expression predict response, with ctDNA changes indicating outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors demonstrate efficacy in a subset of metastatic gastric cancer (mGC) patients.
  • Identifying molecular determinants of response is crucial for optimizing PD-1 targeted therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify molecular features associated with response to pembrolizumab in mGC.
  • To evaluate circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a predictive biomarker for treatment response and survival.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular characterization of tumor tissues and ctDNA from 61 mGC patients treated with pembrolizumab.
  • Analysis of microsatellite instability (MSI), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status, and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression.
  • Correlation of ctDNA dynamics with treatment response and progression-free survival.

Main Results:

  • High response rates observed in MSI-high (85.7%) and EBV-positive (100%) mGC.
  • Significantly higher overall response rate (ORR) in PD-L1 positive (50.0%) versus PD-L1 negative (0.0%) tumors (P<0.001).
  • Decreased ctDNA levels post-treatment predicted improved outcomes and progression-free survival.

Conclusions:

  • MSI-high, EBV-positive, and PD-L1 positive tumors are associated with favorable responses to pembrolizumab in mGC.
  • ctDNA changes serve as a promising biomarker for predicting treatment response and survival in mGC patients.
  • These findings offer insights for patient selection to maximize benefit from PD-1 inhibition in mGC.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Magnetic Fluorescent Bead-Based Dual-Reporter Flow Analysis of PDL1-Vaxx Peptide Vaccine-Induced Antibody Blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 Interaction10:18

Author Spotlight: Magnetic Fluorescent Bead-Based Dual-Reporter Flow Analysis of PDL1-Vaxx Peptide Vaccine-Induced Antibody Blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 Interaction

Published on: July 7, 2023

1.7K
Y-90 Radioembolization and PD-1 Inhibitor as Neoadjuvant Treatment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma09:11

Y-90 Radioembolization and PD-1 Inhibitor as Neoadjuvant Treatment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Published on: May 24, 2024

1.2K

Related Concept Videos

Feedback Inhibition00:46

Feedback Inhibition

Biochemical reactions are occurring constantly in cells, converting starting substances to different products, usually with the help of enzymes that speed the reactions. Without enzymes, it would take far too long for most reactions to occur to be useful to the cell!
57.2K
PD Controller: Design01:26

PD Controller: Design

In automotive engineering, car suspension systems often employ Proportional Derivative (PD) controllers to enhance performance. PD controllers are utilized to adjust the damping force in response to road conditions. A controller, acting as an amplifier with a constant gain, demonstrates proportional control, with output directly mirroring input.
Designing a continuous-data controller requires selecting and linking components like adders and integrators, which are fundamental in Proportional,...
658
Gastric Emptying01:16

Gastric Emptying

Gastric emptying occurs when the stomach gradually releases chyme into the duodenum. When the stomach is distended, it triggers the release of gastrin, a hormone that promotes gastric acid secretion to aid in digestion. Additionally, stomach distension contributes to peristaltic waves that propel gastric contents toward the pyloric region. The gastroenteric reflex, on the other hand, primarily stimulates peristalsis in the intestines, facilitating the movement of contents further along the...
3.8K
Molecular Orbital Theory II03:51

Molecular Orbital Theory II

Molecular Orbital Energy Diagrams
27.6K
Gastric Motility01:16

Gastric Motility

Gastric motility is the coordinated contraction and relaxation of stomach muscles that convert ingested food into chyme, a semi-liquid substance ready for further digestion in the intestines. The process begins with the vagus nerve inducing the relaxation of the smooth muscles in the fundus and body of the stomach, allowing these regions to expand and accommodate up to approximately 1.5 liters of food and liquid.
Peristaltic Waves and Chyme Formation
Upon food entry, the stomach initiates...
3.2K
Time-Domain Interpretation of PD Control01:07

Time-Domain Interpretation of PD Control

Proportional-Derivative (PD) control is a widely used control method in various engineering systems to enhance stability and performance. In a system with only proportional control, common issues include high maximum overshoot and oscillation, observed in both the error signal and its rate of change. This behavior can be divided into three distinct phases: initial overshoot, subsequent undershoot, and gradual stabilization.
Consider the example of control of motor torque. Initially, a positive...
408