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Pituitary tumour apoplexy within prolactinomas in children: a more aggressive condition?

Elizabeth Culpin1, Matthew Crank1, Mark Igra2

  • 1Departments of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, S10 2TF, UK.

Pituitary
|July 18, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Pituitary apoplexy, a rare condition, appears more common in children than adults. This study highlights its presentation, diagnosis, and management in pediatric patients, often requiring surgery for visual issues.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Rare Diseases

Background:

  • Pituitary apoplexy is a rare clinical syndrome.
  • Its incidence and presentation in pediatric populations are not well-defined.
  • This condition involves sudden hemorrhage or infarction of the pituitary gland.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical presentations of pediatric patients with pituitary apoplexy.
  • To assess the diagnostic approaches and management strategies employed.
  • To contribute to the understanding of this rare condition in children.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series design.
  • Inclusion of pediatric patients diagnosed with pituitary apoplexy between 2010 and 2016.
  • Data collected from a tertiary referral children's hospital in the United Kingdom.

Main Results:

  • Pituitary apoplexy may have a higher relative incidence in children compared to adults.
  • Pediatric pituitary apoplexy associated with adenomas appears more frequent than previously reported.
  • All patients in the series required surgical intervention for visual compromise.
  • Two patients had recently initiated growth hormone therapy prior to symptom onset.

Conclusions:

  • This case series adds to the limited literature on pediatric pituitary apoplexy.
  • Findings enhance the understanding of clinical features and necessitate surgical management for visual deficits.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the pathophysiology and optimize treatment protocols.
Abstract

Keywords:
AdenomaApoplexyChildrenEndoscopicHaemorrhagePituitaryProlactinomaSurgeryTrans-sphenoidal

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