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Updated: Feb 7, 2026

An Orthotopic Bladder Tumor Model and the Evaluation of Intravesical saRNA Treatment
Published on: July 28, 2012
Combination Intravesical Chemotherapy for Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer
Ryan L Steinberg1, Lewis J Thomas1, Michael A O'Donnell1
1Department of Urology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Abstract:
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) replaced early intravesical chemotherapeutic agents as the standard of care for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with its US Food and Drug Administration approval in 1990. Multiple studies have proven the superiority of BCG to surgery alone, and to older single-agent intravesical chemotherapy regimens. However, new multiagent intravesical chemotherapy regimens have been developed and tested in recent years. Such regimens offer the possibility of better efficacy and/or tolerability compared to BCG. However, high-quality data comparing such regimens to BCG remain scant. We briefly review the literature regarding combination intravesical chemotherapy for NMIBC.
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