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Training and transfer effects of extensive task-switching training in students
Xin Zhao1, Haien Wang1, Joseph H R Maes2
1Behavior Rehabilitation Training Research Institution, School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, 967 East Anning Road, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
Psychological Research
|July 19, 2018
Summary
Extensive task-switch training improved executive functioning by reducing switch costs, but benefits did not transfer to unrelated cognitive tasks. Overtraining enhanced specific task-set preparation and inhibition processes.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Neuroscience
- Human Behavior
Background:
- Task-switching is a key executive function.
- Previous task-switch training studies show inconsistent results regarding training and transfer effects.
- Limited training sessions may hinder observable improvements.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of extensive task-switch training on cognitive performance.
- To determine if prolonged training enhances task-switching efficiency and leads to transfer effects.
- To examine the impact of overtraining on executive functions.
Main Methods:
- 31 students underwent 21 days of cued task-switching training.
- A control group (n=29) also performed cognitive tasks.
- Cognitive tasks, including switching and far-transfer measures, were assessed pre- and post-training.
Main Results:
- Training significantly reduced switch and mixing costs, plateauing after 4-6 sessions.
- Switch cost reduction was specific to short cue-stimulus onset intervals (CSI).
- Near transfer was observed on a related switching task, but not on far-transfer tasks (interference control, inhibition, working memory, IQ).
Conclusions:
- Extensive task-switch training enhances task-set preparation and inhibition efficiency.
- The extent of training does not appear critical for observing transfer effects.
- Lack of far-transfer suggests specificity of training benefits.
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