Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Discovering Middle Ear Anatomy by Transcanal Endoscopic Ear Surgery: A Dissection Manual
Published on: January 11, 2018
Preliminary outcomes of endoscopic middle-ear surgery in 103 cases: a UK experience
C P Yiannakis1, R Sproat1, A Iyer1
1Department of Otolaryngology,University Hospital Monklands, NHS Lanarkshire,Airdrie,Scotland,UK.
Background:
Totally endoscopic ear surgery and endoscope-assisted microsurgery are still new concepts, with relatively few centres in the UK performing them. Advantages include better visualisation of difficult to reach areas, such as the sinus tympani, and limited external incisions. This paper reports our short-term outcomes for endoscopic middle-ear surgery.
Methods:
A prospective review was conducted of the first 103 consecutive patients undergoing totally endoscopic ear surgery or endoscope-assisted microsurgery in 1 centre performed by 1 operator. The outcomes assessed were: tympanic membrane healing, audiological data and complications.
Results:
Twenty-five patients underwent endoscope-assisted microsurgery, while 78 had totally endoscopic ear surgery. There were no reported cases of dead ear or permanent facial nerve palsy. The average air-bone gap following stapedectomy was 7.38 dB. The tympanic membrane healing rate was 89 per cent.
Conclusion:
Our results confirm that endoscopic middle-ear surgery is safe, and the short-term outcomes are comparable with conventional surgery.
Related Concept Videos
Anatomy of the Ear
Predicting Reaction Outcomes
Outcomes of Glycolysis
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
What is an Experiment?
Guidelines for Writing Outcome
Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care...
Thomson's e/m Experiment
A particle with charge q, speed v, and mass m enters an area from the top, where the magnetic and electric fields are perpendicular both to the particle's motion and to one another. The magnetic...

