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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Single-Digit Nanometer Electron-Beam Lithography with an Aberration-Corrected Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope

Single-Digit Nanometer Electron-Beam Lithography with an Aberration-Corrected Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope

Published on: September 14, 2018

Magnetic Patterning by Electron Beam-Assisted Carbon Lithography.

Pietro Genoni¹, Francesca Genuzio², Tevfik Onur Menteş²

¹CIMAINA, Department of Physics , Università degli Studi di Milano , via Celoria 16 , I-20133 Milan , Italy.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|July 19, 2018

Summary

We developed a scalable method to pattern magnetic states using electron beams to create chemical patterns. This process induces spin reorientation transitions in cobalt, enabling control over magnetic anisotropy in specific regions.

Keywords:

chiral domain walls cobalt thin films magnetic lithography patterning spin reorientation transition

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Use of Sacrificial Nanoparticles to Remove the Effects of Shot-noise in Contact Holes Fabricated by E-beam Lithography

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Focused Ion Beam Lithography to Etch Nano-architectures into Microelectrodes

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Published on: January 19, 2020

Area of Science:

Surface Science
Materials Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Controlling magnetic properties at the nanoscale is crucial for advanced electronic devices.
Patterning magnetic materials with high resolution remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate a scalable method for writing magnetic states on ultrathin cobalt films.
To achieve lateral control over magnetic anisotropy using chemical patterning.

Main Methods:

Electron-stimulated molecular dissociative adsorption of carbon monoxide on ultrathin Co/Re(0001).
Microfocused low-energy electron beams to induce fragmentation and surface carbide/graphitic carbon formation.
Annealing to create nanometer-sharp chemical patterns.

Main Results:

Carbon accumulation in irradiated areas induces an in-plane to out-of-plane spin reorientation transition in cobalt.
Formation of striped magnetic domains and out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy under a graphitic overlayer.
Chiral Néel walls separating domains with opposite magnetization.

Conclusions:

The developed protocol offers lateral control over spin reorientation transitions.
Magnetic anisotropy can be tuned in arbitrary mesoscopic regions.
Potential applications in nano-engineering of magnetic stacks and graphene-based devices.