Frequency of Visual Deficits in Children With Developmental Dyslexia
Aparna Raghuram1,2, Sowjanya Gowrisankaran1, Emily Swanson1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
JAMA Ophthalmology
|July 21, 2018
Summary
Visual deficits in accommodation and ocular motor tracking are significantly more common in children with developmental dyslexia (DD) than in typically developing readers. Further research is needed to explore the clinical relevance of these visual impairments in DD.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Pediatrics
Background:
- Developmental dyslexia (DD) is a neurobiological learning disability primarily linked to phonological processing deficits.
- The role of visual function in DD has been debated, with limited understanding of visual integrity in affected children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of visual deficits in vergence, accommodation, and ocular motor tracking among children with DD.
- To compare these visual functions in children with DD against a control group of typically developing (TD) readers.
Main Methods:
- A prospective observational study involving 29 children with DD and 33 TD children.
- Assessment of vergence, accommodation, and ocular motor tracking using standardized tests and eye-tracking technology.
Main Results:
- Children with DD showed significantly higher rates of accommodation deficits (55% vs 9%) and ocular motor tracking impairments (62% vs 15%) compared to TD children.
- Overall, 79% of children with DD exhibited deficits in at least one visual function domain, versus 33% in the TD group.
Conclusions:
- Visual function deficits are markedly more prevalent in school-aged children with DD.
- The causal relationship and clinical significance of these visual deficits in DD require further investigation, including potential benefits of treatment.
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