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Updated: Feb 7, 2026

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Relationship between vection and motion perception in depth.

Yasuhiro Seya1, Hiroyuki Shinoda2

  • 1Faculty of Human Informatics, Aichi Shukutoku University, 2-9, Katahira, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1197, Japan. yseya@asu.aasa.ac.jp.

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
|July 21, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that visual cues indicating motion in depth enhance the sensation of vection, or self-motion. The impression of motion in depth, not perceived speed, is key to this enhancement.

Keywords:
Cues to motion in depthDepth perceptionVection

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Area of Science:

  • Visual perception
  • Human psychophysics
  • Motion perception

Background:

  • Vection, the sensation of self-motion, is crucial for spatial orientation.
  • Visual cues like stereoscopic information and changing size influence vection.
  • Understanding how these cues interact is vital for fields like virtual reality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of stereoscopic and changing-size cues on forward and backward vection.
  • To determine whether perceived velocity or motion-in-depth impression primarily drives vection enhancement.
  • To explore the relationship between vection, perceived motion-in-depth, perceived velocity, and 3D perception.

Main Methods:

  • Four experiments were conducted using expanding/contracting optical flows with combined or isolated visual cues.
  • Participants reported vection presence and magnitude.
  • Perceived velocity, motion-in-depth impression, depth, and distance were rated.

Main Results:

  • Vection, motion-in-depth impression, and perceived depth/distance were enhanced when motion-in-depth cues were present.
  • Perceived velocity was only affected by cue conditions at high velocities.
  • Correlational and regression analyses indicated motion-in-depth impression best explains vection enhancement.

Conclusions:

  • Cues indicating motion in depth significantly enhance vection.
  • The enhancement of vection is primarily driven by the subjective impression of motion in depth.
  • Perceived velocity and perceived 3D structure play a lesser role in cue-induced vection enhancement.