Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Bioluminescence Imaging of NADPH Oxidase Activity in Different Animal Models
10:42

Bioluminescence Imaging of NADPH Oxidase Activity in Different Animal Models

Published on: October 22, 2012

16.8K

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX) and liver fibrosis: A review

Keywan Mortezaee1

  • 1Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.

Cell Biochemistry and Function
|July 21, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOXs) drive liver fibrosis by activating hepatic stellate cells and Kupffer cells. NOX1, 2, and 4 are key inducers of liver fibrosis through multiple cellular pathways.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOXs) are critical sources of reactive oxygen species in liver cells.
  • Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and Kupffer cells (KCs) are the primary liver cells expressing NOX enzymes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of NOX subtypes in liver fibrosis.
  • To elucidate the cellular mechanisms by which NOXs contribute to fibrogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • The study focused on the expression and function of NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4 in HSCs and KCs.
  • Analysis of NOX-mediated pathways involved in HSC activation, proliferation, migration, hepatocyte apoptosis, and inflammation.

Main Results:

  • KCs exclusively produce NOX2, whereas HSCs express NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4.
  • All investigated NOX subtypes are implicated in promoting liver fibrogenesis.
  • NOX activation contributes to HSC activation, proliferation, survival, and migration.
  • NOX signaling enhances hepatocyte apoptosis and stimulates fibrogenic mediators.
  • NOX activity mediates inflammatory cascades within KCs and HSCs.

Conclusions:

  • HSCs and KCs are central to NOX production in the context of liver fibrosis.
  • NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4 are significant contributors to liver fibrogenesis.
  • NOX activation exacerbates liver fibrosis by promoting hepatocyte apoptosis, HSC activation, and KC-driven inflammation.
Keywords:
Kupffer cells (KCs)fibrosishepatic stellate cells (HSCs)nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX)reactive oxygen species (ROS)

More Related Videos

A Novel Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Correction Method for Intracellular Ca2+ Measurement with Fura-2-Analog in Live Cells05:58

A Novel Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Correction Method for Intracellular Ca2+ Measurement with Fura-2-Analog in Live Cells

Published on: September 20, 2019

7.1K
The Dimethylnitrosamine Induced Liver Fibrosis Model in the Rat09:27

The Dimethylnitrosamine Induced Liver Fibrosis Model in the Rat

Published on: June 17, 2016

12.6K

Related Concept Videos

Electron Carriers01:24

Electron Carriers

Electron carriers can be thought of as electron shuttles. These compounds can easily accept electrons (i.e., be reduced) or lose them (i.e., be oxidized). They play an essential role in energy production because cellular respiration is contingent on the flow of electrons.
Over the many stages of cellular respiration, glucose breaks down into carbon dioxide and water. Electron carriers pick up electrons lost by glucose in these reactions, temporarily storing and releasing them into the electron...
91.9K
Review and Preview01:10

Review and Preview

In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
8.4K
Review and Preview01:13

Review and Preview

Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. Because it is not practical to measure the entire population in a study, researchers use samples to represent the population. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. Random...
11.5K
Phosphate Buffer01:22

Phosphate Buffer

The phosphate buffer system is a critical biological mechanism for maintaining pH stability in the body. This system operates primarily through two components: sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4), which acts as a weak acid, and sodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4), which serves as a weak base.
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate does not fully dissociate in neutral or acidic solutions. When a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), is introduced into the solution, sodium dihydrogen phosphate...
5.3K
Electron Transport Chains01:28

Electron Transport Chains

The final stage of cellular respiration is oxidative phosphorylation that consists of two steps: the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. The electron transport chain is a set of proteins found in the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotic cells. Its primary function is to establish a proton gradient that can be used during chemiosmosis to produce ATP and generate electron carriers, such as NAD+ and FAD, that are used in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
The ETC is comprised of...
112.6K
Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis01:23

Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis

Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation,...
888