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The Arch of Aorta01:10

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The coronary arteries, originating from the ascending aorta, bifurcate from two sinuses located within the ascending aorta. Positioned just above the aortic semilunar valve, these sinuses house essential aortic baroreceptors and chemoreceptors, crucial for maintaining cardiac function. The left coronary artery and the right coronary artery branch off from the left posterior and anterior aortic sinuses, respectively.
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IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
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Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
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Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

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Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
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Isolation and Analysis of Aortic Arch and Root Lesions in an Atherosclerotic Mouse Model
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Right aortic arch with situs solitus.

William N Evans1,2, Ruben J Acherman1,2, Dean Berthoty3

  • 1Children's Heart Center Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.

Congenital Heart Disease
|July 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary

A right aortic arch in situs solitus is nearly always linked to congenital heart defects or vascular rings. This study highlights the high association and improved prenatal detection rates for this condition.

Keywords:
congenital heart diseaselevocardiaprenatal detectionright aortic archsitus solitus

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • A right aortic arch (RAA) is a rare congenital anomaly.
  • Understanding its association with other cardiac and vascular pathologies is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the prevalence of associated anomalies in patients with situs solitus and RAA.
  • To evaluate the prenatal detection rate of RAA in a specific cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of patients with situs solitus, levocardia, and RAA.
  • Data collected from January 2000 to January 2018.
  • Exclusion of patients with double aortic arch.

Main Results:

  • 204 patients identified; 47% had an isolated RAA, and 53% had associated intracardiac malformations.
  • 98% of all patients had a vascular ring, intracardiac malformation, or both.
  • Prenatal detection rate was 85% in a recent subset (2015-2018).

Conclusions:

  • RAA in situs solitus is almost invariably associated with significant pathology.
  • The findings support the need for thorough cardiac and vascular evaluation in patients with RAA.
  • Improved prenatal detection rates were observed in the study cohort.