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A full-scale clinical prototype for proton range verification using prompt gamma-ray spectroscopy.

Fernando Hueso-González1, Moritz Rabe1, Thomas A Ruggieri1

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This study introduces a novel system for verifying proton beam range in real-time during cancer therapy using prompt gamma-ray spectroscopy. The developed technology accurately measures proton range, ensuring treatment precision and patient safety.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Nuclear Instrumentation

Background:

  • Proton therapy requires precise delivery of radiation to target tumors.
  • Accurate verification of proton beam range is crucial for effective and safe treatment.
  • Current range verification methods have limitations in real-time, in vivo applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a clinical prototype system for in vivo range verification of proton pencil-beams.
  • To utilize prompt gamma-ray spectroscopy for real-time monitoring of proton range.
  • To assess the accuracy and robustness of the system under clinical-like conditions.

Main Methods:

  • A detection system with LaBr3 scintillators and a tungsten collimator was employed.
  • Custom electronics and calibration algorithms enabled energy- and time-resolved gamma-ray spectra measurement.
  • GPU-accelerated Monte Carlo simulations modeled gamma-ray emissions, compared with experimental data.
  • Minimizing discrepancies between measured and modeled spectra determined proton beam range.

Main Results:

  • The system achieved a mean statistical precision of 1.1 mm and a mean systematic deviation of 0.5 mm for proton range determination.
  • Small introduced range errors were successfully detected.
  • The method demonstrated robustness against variations in elemental composition of irradiated materials.
  • The system accurately determined absolute proton range in phantom studies.

Conclusions:

  • The developed prompt gamma-ray spectroscopy system is suitable for in vivo range verification in clinical proton therapy.
  • The system offers high accuracy and precision, crucial for patient safety and treatment efficacy.
  • This technology holds promise for enhancing quality assurance in proton beam therapy.