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Quantification of Fungal Colonization, Sporogenesis, and Production of Mycotoxins Using Kernel Bioassays
Published on: April 23, 2012
Aflatoxin B1 and zearalenone in soybeans: occurrence and distribution in whole and defective kernels
Maria Antonia Calori-Domingues1, Paula Municelli Rodrigues Iwahashi1, Giancarlo Hercoton Ponce1
1a Department of Agroindustry, Food and Nutrition , "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo , Piracicaba , SP , Brazil.
Abstract:
Few studies have addressed the distribution of mycotoxins in soybean and/or their processing fractions. In this study, samples from commercial lots were collected in four Brazilian states. The distribution of mycotoxins in soybean fractions, according to their commercial grading system, namely whole kernels (WK), split, broken and crushed kernels (SBCK), damaged kernels (DK), heat damaged and burned kernels (HDBK), moldy kernels (MK), greenish kernels (GK), foreign material + impurities (FMI), were analyzed using HPLC-FLD. AFB1 and ZEN tested positive in 43.3 and 80%, respectively. The incidence of AFB1 was higher in MK (50%), followed by HDBK (30.4%) and FMI (26.0%). ZEA incidence ranged from 69% (SBCK) to 100% (HDBK). Co-occurrence (53.3%) in at least one fraction was also detected. Brazil is the second world producer of soybeans, which places the country in a very important position. Therefore, the information provided is crucial and timely relevant for the industry and policymakers.
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