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This study developed a wearable thermograph using comfortable, washable temperature-sensing yarns for detecting wound infections. The textile sensor accurately measures temperature, even with minor contact errors, offering a promising medical diagnostic tool.

Keywords:
E-textileselectronic textilessensor networksmart textilestemperature sensingthermistorthermographwearable electronicswound management

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Textile Science
  • Wearable Technology

Background:

  • Temperature changes are critical indicators of pathologies like wound infections.
  • Existing thermographs lack the comfort and wearability of textile-based solutions.
  • Textile substrates offer a comfortable and conformable platform for wearable sensors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a fully textile, wearable thermograph for medical temperature monitoring.
  • To refine the design of temperature-sensing yarns for improved accuracy and resilience.
  • To evaluate the performance of the textile thermograph under various simulated environmental and mechanical conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Encapsulating thermistors into polymer resin micro-pods and embedding them into yarn fibers to create temperature-sensing yarns.
  • Characterizing the accuracy of the refined yarn design for absolute temperature measurements.
  • Assessing the impact of contact errors, with a measurement error of 0.24 ± 0.03 mm at 0.5 mm distance.
  • Evaluating the thermograph's performance under conditions including ambient temperature, insulation, humidity, moisture, bending, compression, and stretch.

Main Results:

  • Developed a conformal, drapeable, mechanically resilient, and washable temperature-sensing yarn.
  • Demonstrated minimal measurement error (0.24 ± 0.03 mm) even with slight yarn displacement.
  • Characterized the thermograph's operational stability across diverse simulated conditions, confirming its potential for real-world applications.

Conclusions:

  • A fully textile, wearable thermograph utilizing temperature-sensing yarns has been successfully developed.
  • The refined yarn design and resulting thermograph exhibit accuracy and resilience suitable for medical temperature monitoring.
  • This wearable textile sensor technology offers a comfortable and effective alternative for detecting temperature-related pathologies like wound infections.