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Test Item Taxonomy Based on Functional Criteria.

Rafael Moreno1, Rafael J Martínez1, José Muñiz2

  • 1Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.

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Summary

This study introduces a new functional taxonomy for classifying assessment item formats, overcoming limitations of existing systems. This flexible item format classification aids in systematic organization and the development of novel assessment tools.

Keywords:
classificationgenerationitem formatsitemstaxonomytests

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Area of Science:

  • Educational Measurement
  • Assessment Design
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Existing item format taxonomies possess limitations, including ambiguous criteria and a narrow focus on traditional formats.
  • Current classification systems often fail to adequately differentiate between various item types and their functional aspects.
  • A need exists for a comprehensive and adaptable system to classify diverse assessment item formats.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel item format taxonomy based on functional criteria to address the limitations of current systems.
  • To develop a classification system applicable to both existing and future assessment item formats.
  • To provide a tool for systematic item classification, construction, and research.

Main Methods:

  • Review and critique of existing item format classification criteria and their inherent limitations.
  • Development of a new taxonomy centered on four essential functional components of assessment items.
  • Illustration of the proposed model with examples and a guiding checklist for practical application.

Main Results:

  • Identification of four key functional components: content structure, question transmission device, response reception device, and examinee instructions.
  • Demonstration that the combination of these components allows for the classification of any item format.
  • Validation of the taxonomy's utility through practical examples and a classification checklist.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed functional taxonomy offers a systematic and coherent method for classifying assessment item formats.
  • This new classification system is adaptable to novel and emerging item formats, ensuring future relevance.
  • The taxonomy serves as a valuable resource for researchers and developers in the field of educational assessment.