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Related Concept Videos

Zener Diodes01:16

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Zener diodes are specialized semiconductor devices designed to operate in the reverse breakdown region, where they allow current to flow into the cathode, making it positive relative to the anode. This reverse operation distinguishes Zener diodes from conventional diodes and enables their use in various applications, most notably as voltage regulators. One of the defining characteristics of Zener diodes is their nearly vertical I-V (current-voltage) characteristic curve above a certain...
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Diode: Reverse bias01:14

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A diode is reverse-biased when the positive terminal of an external voltage source is connected to the n-type material and the negative terminal to the p-type material. This configuration opposes the natural direction of current flow through the diode, effectively increasing the width of the depletion region and the barrier potential. The reverse bias condition produces a minimal leakage current, primarily due to minority charge carriers. This leakage becomes significant when the reverse...
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Production and Characterization of Vacuum Deposited Organic Light Emitting Diodes
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Photobiomodulation: lasers vs. light emitting diodes?

Vladimir Heiskanen1, Michael R Hamblin2

  • 1Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Finland.

Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences : Official Journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology
|July 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy uses red or near-infrared light for physiological effects. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) offer a safe, cost-effective, and versatile alternative to lasers for PBM treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Photomedicine
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy utilizes specific wavelengths of red or near-infrared light to elicit physiological responses.
  • PBM research originated in the late 1960s, initially known as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), primarily for wound healing, pain, and inflammation.
  • Historically, lasers were the predominant devices due to their unique properties, with some researchers deeming them essential for therapeutic efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution of light sources used in photobiomodulation therapy.
  • To highlight the increasing adoption and advantages of non-coherent light sources, particularly LEDs, in PBM.
  • To establish the significance and future role of LED-based PBM.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature and historical research in photobiomodulation.
  • Comparison of laser-based PBM with non-coherent light sources like LEDs and broad-band lamps.
  • Analysis of the characteristics and benefits of different light sources for PBM applications.

Main Results:

  • While lasers were initially favored for PBM, non-coherent light sources, especially LEDs, have become increasingly prevalent.
  • LEDs offer significant advantages over lasers, including enhanced safety, ease of home use, larger treatment areas, and lower cost.
  • The versatility and accessibility of LEDs suggest their continued and expanding role in PBM therapy.

Conclusions:

  • LED photobiomodulation represents a significant advancement, offering practical benefits for therapeutic applications.
  • The shift towards LEDs signifies a democratization of PBM technology, making it more accessible for widespread use.
  • LED photobiomodulation is poised to become a standard and enduring modality in therapeutic light applications.