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Estimating Thyroid Doses From Modified Barium Swallow Studies.

Heather Shaw Bonilha1,2, Janina Wilmskoetter1, Sameer V Tipnis3

  • 1Health Sciences and Research, Medical University of South Carolina, 77 President Street, MSC 700, Charleston, SC 29425-2503.

Health Physics
|July 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study provides factors to convert entrance air kerma to thyroid doses during modified barium swallow studies. Thyroid dose conversion factors (fthyroid) vary by patient age, projection, and beam quality, with higher values in younger children.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiological Protection
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Modified barium swallow studies are common diagnostic procedures.
  • Accurate estimation of organ doses, particularly the thyroid, is crucial for radiation protection.
  • Existing methods for thyroid dose conversion require specific factors for different patient demographics and examination parameters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine conversion factors (fthyroid) for estimating thyroid dose from entrance air kerma in modified barium swallow studies.
  • To investigate the influence of patient age, body mass index, projection (lateral, posterior-anterior), and beam quality on thyroid dose conversion factors.
  • To provide data for improved radiation dose assessment in pediatric and adult patients.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized commercial software (PCXMC 2.0.1) for dose calculations.
  • Simulated modified barium swallow studies for various patient ages (birth to 10 years) and adult body types.
  • Calculated fthyroid ratios by dividing estimated thyroid dose by entrance air kerma for lateral and posterior-anterior projections.
  • Varied beam quality parameters (kVp, filtration) to assess their impact on fthyroid.

Main Results:

  • Average fthyroid values for adults were 0.63 (lateral) and 0.18 (PA).
  • Increased beam quality significantly increased fthyroid values, nearly doubling in lateral and quadrupling in PA projections.
  • fthyroid decreased with increasing body mass index and was higher in younger children, with newborns showing the highest average fthyroid (0.84).

Conclusions:

  • Thyroid dose conversion factors are essential for accurate dose assessment in modified barium swallow studies.
  • Patient age, projection, and beam quality are significant determinants of thyroid dose.
  • The findings highlight the need for age-specific and technique-specific dose conversion factors, especially for pediatric populations.