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Hepatitis E virus infection in equines in Spain.
Ignacio García-Bocanegra1, Antonio Rivero2, Javier Caballero-Gómez1
1Animal Health Department, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases
|July 27, 2018
Summary
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) can infect horses, donkeys, and mules in Europe. While equids are susceptible, their low infection rates suggest they are spillover hosts, not primary reservoirs for this emerging zoonotic disease.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Zoonotic Diseases
- Equine Health
Background:
- Hepatitis E (HE) is an emerging infectious disease in Europe.
- The role of equids as potential reservoirs for Hepatitis E virus (HEV) remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of HEV infection in equids in Spain.
- To analyze the genetic relationship of HEV strains found in equids.
Main Methods:
- Serum samples were collected from 861 equines (horses, donkeys, mules) across 464 herds in Spain.
- HEV RNA was detected using molecular methods.
- Phylogenetic analysis was performed on detected HEV strains.
Main Results:
- HEV RNA was detected in 0.4% of horses, 1.2% of donkeys, and 3.6% of mules.
- Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the identified HEV genotype 3 strains were closely related to human and swine strains.
- This study represents the first report of HEV infection in equids in Europe.
Conclusions:
- Horses, donkeys, and mules are susceptible to HEV infection.
- The low prevalence suggests equids act as spillover hosts rather than significant reservoirs for HEV.
- Understanding HEV transmission dynamics in equids is crucial for public health, especially given the zoonotic potential of genotype 3.
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