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A Protocol for the Use of Remotely-Supervised Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS in Multiple Sclerosis MS
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Biomarkers of multiple sclerosis: current findings
Violaine K Harris1, John F Tuddenham1, Saud A Sadiq1
1Tisch Multiple Sclerosis Research Center of New York, New York, NY, USA, ssadiq@tischms.org.
Degenerative Neurological and Neuromuscular Disease
|July 28, 2018
Summary
This review highlights recent advances in multiple sclerosis (MS) biomarkers, focusing on cerebrospinal fluid and circulating microRNAs. These molecular markers are crucial for personalized MS treatment and predicting disease progression.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Biomarker Discovery
- Clinical Neurology
Background:
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease impacting the central nervous system, causing demyelination and neurodegeneration.
- Increasing therapeutic options for MS necessitate personalized treatment strategies based on individual prognosis and risk assessment.
- Molecular biomarkers are essential for predicting disability, monitoring disease activity, and evaluating treatment efficacy in MS management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent (past 3 years) findings in multiple sclerosis biomarker research.
- To highlight advances in the validation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and circulating microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers for MS.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of published literature within the last three years focusing on MS biomarker research.
- Analysis of studies validating specific CSF biomarkers, including neurofilaments (light and heavy chains), chitinases, chitinase 3-like proteins, innate immunity markers, and oligoclonal IgM antibodies.
- Discussion of current research on circulating miRNAs as potential MS biomarkers.
Main Results:
- Significant progress has been made in validating CSF biomarkers such as neurofilaments, chitinases, and oligoclonal IgM antibodies for MS.
- Emerging research indicates the potential of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for MS.
- Current biomarkers show promise for predicting disability, monitoring disease activity, and assessing treatment response in MS.
Conclusions:
- Validated molecular biomarkers, particularly in CSF, are becoming integral to personalized treatment decisions in multiple sclerosis.
- Further validation and clinical testing are necessary before routine implementation of these MS biomarkers in clinical practice.
- Advances in biomarker research offer improved tools for managing MS and tailoring therapies to individual patient needs.
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