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Health Impacts of Extreme Weather Events: Exploring Protective Factors with a Capitals Framework
Lisa Reyes Mason1, Jennifer Erwin1, Aaron Brown1
1a College of Social Work , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , Tennessee , USA.
Journal of Evidence-Informed Social Work
|July 28, 2018
Summary
Social cohesion and health status are linked to reduced health impacts from extreme weather events. Understanding these factors is crucial for climate change adaptation strategies.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Sociology
- Climate Change Adaptation
Background:
- Climate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events globally.
- The physical and mental health of vulnerable populations may be disproportionately affected by these climate-related hazards.
- Social workers serve populations that may be at heightened risk from extreme weather impacts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the association between different types of capital (human, financial, physical, social) and health impacts from extreme summer heat and winter weather.
- To identify protective factors that may mitigate adverse health outcomes related to climate change.
- To inform social work practice in addressing the health consequences of climate change.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of resident survey data (N=424) from low- and moderate-income neighborhoods in a Southeastern US city.
- Descriptive statistical analysis to characterize the sample and key variables.
- Logistic regression modeling to assess the relationship between types of capital and health impacts.
Main Results:
- Health status was negatively associated with experiencing health impacts from both summer heat and winter extremes.
- Social cohesion demonstrated a significant negative association with health impacts from extreme heat and winter weather.
- Specific types of human, financial, and physical capital were not found to be significantly associated with health impacts in this study.
Conclusions:
- Social cohesion and individual health status appear to be important factors in mitigating the health effects of extreme weather.
- Further research is recommended to investigate the role of various forms of capital in climate change adaptation.
- Social capital, particularly social cohesion, presents a promising area for social work intervention to support vulnerable populations facing climate and weather-related health challenges.
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